Ketentuan Wudu Bagi Penderita Salas al-Baul Studi Komparatif Antara Pendapat Mazhab Hanafi dan Mazhab Maliki

Wudu Requirements For People Suffering from Salas al-Baul, A Comparative Study Between the Opinions of the Hanafi and Maliki Schools of Thought

Authors

  • Arafah Arafah Institut Agama Islam STIBA Makassar, Indonesia
  • Imran Muhammad Yunus Institut Agama Islam STIBA Makassar, Indonesia
  • Muh. Ihsan Dahri Institut Agama Islam STIBA Makassar, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36701/fikrah.v2i1.2354

Keywords:

Salas al- Baul, Wudu, Hanafi school, Maliki school of thought, Comparative fiqh

Abstract

The issue of wudu for people with salas al-baul (urinary incontinence) is debated in various Islamic schools of thought. However, for people with salas al-baul, this condition is a challenge because urine comes out uncontrollably, causing confusion about how to perform ablution and prayer legally according to Shariah. This study aims to examine the provisions of wudu for people with salas al-baul (urinary incontinence) based on the views of the Hanafi Mazhab and the Maliki Mazhab, and compare the legal approaches used by the two madhhabs. The research method used is library research with a normative and comparative approach. The results show that the Hanafi Mazhab provides convenience for people with salas al-baul by allowing wudu to be performed once for each prayer time, without the need to repeat it even if there is urine discharge during prayer. In contrast, the Maliki school takes a stricter approach, requiring the sufferer to make every effort to prevent the discharge of impurities before making wudu. This comparison provides important insights for the development of contemporary fiqh, particularly in providing practical solutions for salas al-baul sufferers.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Al-Qur’ān al-Karīm
Buku:
Anas bin Malik. Al-Muwaṭṭa, jilid 1, Cet. I; Beirut: Dār Iḥyā’ al-Turāṡ al-‘Arabī, 1406 H/1985 M.
Ajat Rukajat, Penelitian Pendekatan Yogyakarta: Deepublish CV Budi Utama, 2018.
Akmaluddīn, Muḥammad bin Muḥammad. Al-‘Ināyah Syarḥ al-Hidāyah. Cet. I. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1389 H/1970 M.
Al-‘Azīz, Muḥammad bin ‘Abd. Al-Musnid Fatāwā Islāmiyyah, Riyāḍ: Dār al-Waṭan li al-Naṣr, Cet; I, jilid 1. 1413 H.
Al-Azharī Muḥammad bin ‘Abdul Baqi bin Yūsuf al-Zurqānī al-Miṣrī. Syarḥ al-Zurqānī ‘ala Muwaṭṭa’ al-Imam Mālik. juz 1. Cet.I; Bairut: Dār al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 1417 H/1996 M.
Al-Basysyār, Muḥammad bin Ḥasan. Ashal al-Masālik fī Mazhab al-Imām Mālik, Cet. I, Dār ‘Ammār li al-Nasyr wa al-Tauzī’, 1441 H/2020 M.
Al-Bukhārī, Abū ‘Abdillāh Muḥammad bin Ismā‘īl bin Ibrāhīm bin al-Mughīrah al-Ju‘fī. Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī. Jilid 1. Cet. Sulṭānīyyah. Bulaq: al-Maṭba‘ah al-Kubrā al-Amīriyyah, 1311 H/1893 M.
Al-Ḥalabī, Al-Hajjah Najāḥ. Fiqh al-'Ibādāt 'ala al-Mażhab al-Ḥanafī, t.p., t.t., t.th.
Al-Ḥanafī, Muḥammad Amīn ibn Ābidin. Ad-Durur al-Mukhtār, jilid. I. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1412 H/1992 M.
Ibn ‘Abd al-Salām, ‘Izzuddīn. Qawāʿid al-Aḥkām fī Maṣāliḥ al-Anām. Juz 1. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 1991.
Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jauziyyah. Zād al-Ma'ād fi Hadī Khair al-'Ibād, Jilid I. Cet.I; Beirut: Maktabah al-Risālah, 1417 H /1996 M.
Ibn Taimiyyah, Aḥmad. Majmū‘ al-Fatāwā, Jilid 24. Madinah: Majma‘ al-Malik Fahd, 1425 H/2004 M.
Al-Jawharī, Abū Nasr Ismā’īl bin Ḥammād. Al-Ṣiḥāḥ Tāj al-Lughah wa Ṣiḥaḥ al-‘Arabiyyah, jilid 2, Beirut: Dār al-‘Ilm li al-Malāyīn, 1407 H/1987 M.
Al-Kāsānī, Abū Bakar bin Mas'ūd. Badā'i' al-Ṣanā'i' fī Tartīb al-Syarā'i', Jilid I. Cet. I; Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 1328 H/1910 M.
Kementrian Agama RI, Al-Qur’an dan Terjemahnya Bandung: PT. Sygma Examedia Arkanleema, t.th.
Mālik, Abū dan Kamāl al-Sayyid Sālim. Ṣaḥīḥ Fiqh al-Sunnah wa Adillatuhu wa Taḍīḥ Maḏāhib al-A’immah. Juz 1. Miṣr: al-Maktabah al-Taufīqiyyah, 2003.
Maktab al-Nasīm li ad-Da‘wah wa al-Irsyād, Markaz al-‘Ināyah bi al-Jāliyah al-Indūnīsiyyah, Silsilah Uṣūl al-Islām, Riyāḍ, 1436 H / 2015 M, h. 6.
Al-Mansyililī, Aḥmad bin Turki bin Aḥmad. Khulāṣah al-Jawāhir al-Zakiyyah fī Fiqh al-Mālikiyyah. Al-Majma‘ al-Ṡaqāfī, 1423 H/2002 M.
Al-Marghīnānī, ʿAlī bin Abī Bakr bin ʿAbd al-Jalīl. Al-Hidāyah fī Syarḥ Bidāyat al-Mubtadī. Jilid 1. Beirut: Dār Iḥyāʾ al-Turāṡ al-‘Arabī, t.th.
Mustofa, Imam. "Kajian Fikih Kontemporer, Jawaban Hukum Islam atas Berbagai Problem Kontekstual Umat." 2019.
Al-Mālikī, Aḥmad bin Ganim bin Salim bin Muhannā, Syihāb al-Dīn al-Nafrawī al-Azhariī, Al-Fawākih al-Dawānī 'ala Risālah Ibn Abi Zaid al-Qairawānī, jilid 1, Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1415 H/1995 M.
Nurlan dan Fausiah. Metodologi penelitian kuantitatif. CV. Pilar Nusantara, 2019 M.
Al-Qurṭubī, Yusuf bin Abdillāh bin Muḥammad bin ‘Abdil Barr al-Namarī. Al-Kāfī fi Fiqh Ahl al-Madinah, Maktabah al-Riyāḍ al-Ḥadīṡah, jilid 1, Cet. II; 1400 H/1980 M.
Al-Qarāfī, Abū al-‘Abbās Syihāb al-Dīn Aḥmad bin Idrīs bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān al-Mālikī. Al-Zakhīrah. Jilid I. Cet. I. Beirut: Dār al-Gharb al-Islāmī, 1415 H/1994 M.
Al-Sufairī, Syamsuddīn. Al-Majālis Al-Wa’ẓiyyah Fī Syarḥī Aḥādīṡ Khair Al-Bariyyah Min Ṣaḥīḥ Al-Imām Al-Bukhārī, Juz 2 Beirūt: Dār al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 2004.
Al-Syurunbulālī, Ḥasan bin ‘Ammār bin ‘Alī al-Miṣrī al-Ḥanafī. Nūr al-Iḍāḥ wa Najāt al-Arwāḥ fī al-Fiqh al-Ḥanafī. Cet. II. Beirut–Madinah al-Munawwarah: Dār al-Sirāj, 1436 H/2015 M.
Al-Ṭayyār, ‘Abdullāh bin Muḥammad, dkk. Al-Fiqh al-Muyassar. Cet. II. Maroko: Dār al-Baydā, Maktabah al-Hidāyah, 1437 H/2016 M.
Al-Tirmiżī, Abū ‘Isā Muḥammad bin ‘Isā. Al-Jāmi‘al-Kabīr Sunan al-Tirmiżī. Jilid I. Cet. I. Beirut: Dār al-Gharb al-Islāmī, 1417 H/1996 M.
Wizārah al-Auqāf Wa al-Syuūn Al-Islāmiyyah. Al-Mausū’ah Al-Fiqhiyyah Al-Islāmiyyah, Juz 25, Cet. I; Miṣr: Dār al-Ṣafwah, 1427 H.
Al-Zuhailī, Muḥammad Musṭafa. Al-Qawā'id al-Fiqhiyyah wa Taqdimatuhā fī al-Mazāhib al-Arba'ah, jilid 1, Damaskus: Dār al-Fikr, 1427 H/2006 M.
Al-Zuḥailī, Wahbah. Fiqh al-Islāmī wa Adillatuhu, Juz 1. Cet. III. Beirut: Dār al-Fikr, 1405 H/1985 M.
Al-Zurqānī, ‘Abd al-Bāqī bin Yūsuf bin Aḥmad. Syarḥ al-Zurqānī ‘alā Mukhtaṣar Khalīl. Jilid 1. Cet. I. Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 1422 H/2002 M.

Jurnal Ilmiah:
Djusad dan Suskhan. "Inkontinensia Urin pada Perempuan." Jurnal Kedokteran Indonesia (2023).
Juananda, dkk., "Inkontinensia urin pada lanjut usia di panti werdha provinsi Riau." Jurnal Kesehatan Melayu 1.1 (2017).
Karjoyo, dkk., "Pengaruh Senam Kegel terhadap Frekuensi Inkontinensia Urine pada Lanjut Usia di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tumpaan Minahasa Selatan." Jurnal Keperawatan, (2017).
Koerniawan dan Dheni. "Pendampingan Upaya Menurunkan Inkontinensia Urin Bagi Masyarakat Di Talang Betutu Palembang." JMM Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri 4.1 (2020): h. 77-83.
Yunus, Imran Muhammad, dkk. "Implementasi Rukhsah Syar'iyyah dan Kaidah al-Taisīr bagi Penderita Penyakit Inkontinensia Urin." NUKHBATUL'ULUM: Jurnal Bidang Kajian Islam 9.2 (2023): h. 288-307.

Disertasi, Tesis, dan Skripsi:
Khairun Nisa. "Studi Komparatif Hukum Melaksanakan Salat Bagi Fāqid Al-Tahūrain Perspektif Mazhab Hanafi dan Mazhab Hanbali." 2023.
Puspadewi dan Ranty Rizky. Penggunaan Toxin Botulinum Pada Inkontinensia Urin Ditinjau dari Kedokteran dan Islam. Diss. Universitas YARSI, 2018.
Al-Yūsuf, Sulaimān bin Ḍaifullāh bin Muḥammad. Ḍawābiṭ Sals al-Baul al-Jālib li al-Taisīr: Dirāsah Fiqhiyyah Muʿāṣirah. Universitas Al-Majma’ah, Fakultas Pendidikan.

Situs dan Sumber Online:
Al-Saqqāf, Alāwī bin ‘Abd al-Qādir. Al-Mausū’ah al-Ḥadīṡīyyah Syurūḥ al-Aḥādīṡ, Durar Al-Saniyyah, 1446 H/2024 M, (22 Mei 2025)
Department of Rehabilitation Services, Standard of Care Terapi Fisik: Inkontinensia Urin Brigham and Women's Hospital, 2020, (28 Desember 2024).
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Symptoms & causes of bladder control problems urinary incontinence, (22 Mei 2025)
PT Siloam Internasional Hospitals Tbk. https://www.siloamhospitals.com/informasi-siloam/artikel/apa-itu-inkontinensia-urine (26 Juli 2025)

Downloads

Published

2025-07-31

How to Cite

Ketentuan Wudu Bagi Penderita Salas al-Baul Studi Komparatif Antara Pendapat Mazhab Hanafi dan Mazhab Maliki : Wudu Requirements For People Suffering from Salas al-Baul, A Comparative Study Between the Opinions of the Hanafi and Maliki Schools of Thought . (2025). AL-FIKRAH: Jurnal Kajian Islam, 2(1), 61-82. https://doi.org/10.36701/fikrah.v2i1.2354