Praktik Mencium Tangan dalam Tinjauan Kaidah Al-‘Ādah Al-Muḥakkamah
The Practice of Hand-Kissing in the Perspective of the Legal Maxim al-‘Ādah Muḥakkamah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36701/fikrah.v2i2.2595Keywords:
Legal Maxim, Al-‘Ādah Al-Muḥakkamah, Custom, Hand-Kissing, Islamic Law.Abstract
The tradition of hand-kissing during greetings is a deeply rooted practice in parts of the Muslim community, particularly in Indonesia, as a form of respect, especially toward parents, teachers, and religious figures. This study examines the legal status of this tradition through the lens of the Islamic legal maxim al-‘ādah al-muḥakkamah ("custom is authoritative"). The main objective of this research is to analyze how this customary practice can be assessed within the framework of that legal maxim. Accordingly, the study addresses the following research questions: What are the definition and foundational principles of the maxim al-‘ādah al-muḥakkamah in Islamic law? How is this maxim applied to the cultural tradition of hand-kissing? What are the requirements and limitations for this tradition to be considered a valid ‘ādah in accordance with the maxim?. This research adopts a qualitative approach using library research, drawing on classical and contemporary Islamic legal sources related to custom (‘urf) and legal maxims (qawā‘id fiqhiyyah). The findings show that the practice of hand-kissing meets the criteria of a legally recognized custom: it is repeatedly practiced, widely accepted, and does not contradict the principles of Islamic law. Therefore, this tradition can be ruled as permissible (mubāḥ), and in certain contexts, even recommended (mandūb). This study contributes to Islamic legal scholarship by illustrating how customary practices can interact dynamically with the framework of Islamic law.
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