Keabsahan Ibadah Salat bagi Penderita Autisme yang Sudah Balig Perspektif Hukum Islam
The Validity of Salat for Pubescent Individuals with Autism: an Islamic Legal Perspective
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36701/fikrah.v2i2.2596Keywords:
Prayer, Autisme, Puberty, Islamic law, validityAbstract
The autism spectrum is a developmental disorder that affects neurological and cognitive functions, including concentration, comprehension, and emotional stability. In Islamic teachings, the obligation to perform prayer (ṣalāh) applies to every Muslim who has reached puberty and possesses sound intellect. However, for individuals with mental disorders such as autism, questions arise regarding the validity of their prayer, particularly due to disruptions in focus and emotional regulation.This study aims to examine how autism influences the performance of prayer, especially in terms of concentration and devotion, as well as to analyze the validity of their prayer from the perspective of Islamic law. This research employs a qualitative method (library research) with normative, juridical (fiqh), and sociological approaches. Data were obtained from classical Islamic legal sources, legal maxims (qawāʿid fiqhiyyah), and contemporary fatwas related to intellect (‘aql) and legal accountability (taklīf).The findings indicate that individuals with autism often face challenges in maintaining emotional stability and concentration during prayer, such as sudden laughter, crying, or repetitive movements. Nonetheless, if the individual is still able to intend (niyyah), comprehend the obligation of prayer, and fulfill its essential pillars and requirements, then the prayer remains valid according to Islamic law. Islam provides legal concessions (rukhsah) for those with involuntary limitations.The implications of this study are expected to serve as a reference in clarifying the legal status of prayer for baligh individuals with autism and as a practical guide for parents, educators, and religious mentors in supporting them to perform prayer validly and in accordance with their capabilities.
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