Implikasi Hukum dan Etika Penggabungan DNA pada Hewan Perspektif Mazhab Syafii dan Hambali
Legal and Ethical Implications of Animal DNA Recombinant/Combination in Shafii and Hambali Perspectives
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36701/fikrah.v3i4.3173Keywords:
DNA fusion, Animals, Mazhab Syafii, Mazhab HambaliAbstract
The fusion of DNA in animals as a form of modern genetic engineering has sparked legal and ethical debates in Islam, particularly from the perspectives of the Shafi'i and Hanbali schools of thought. This research aims to explain the process of DNA fusion and analyse the views of both schools of thought on the practice based on the method of legal istinbāṭ and its ethical implications. The research method used is library research with a normative and comparative approach. The research results show that the DNA fusion process is carried out by inserting genes from one organism into the genome of another animal to create new characteristics. For example, a dairy cow, which originally has horns, is inserted with genes from a beef cattle that does not have horns, resulting in a dairy cow that is eventually born without horns. This technology is considered capable of eliminating the painful procedure of horn cutting. From this process, the Shafi'i school emphasises the principle of caution (iḥtiyāṭ) and the preservation of the animal's origin, while the Hanbali school considers more the aspect of benefit and the function of the engineered result. However, both agree that genetic engineering is permissible as long as it does not cause harm, maintains ecosystem balance, and aligns with maqāṣid al-syarī'ah. Thus, the combination of DNA in animals falls under conditional permissibility (al-ibāḥah al-muqayyadah).
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