Pandangan Anggota Dewan Syariah Wahdah Islamiyah terhadap Fatwa Yusuf al-Qardhawi tentang Nikah Misyār: The Views of Wahdah Islamiyah Sharia Council Members on Yusuf al-Qaradawi's Fatwa on Misyār Marriage

Asri  Asri; Moh Agustiawan; Rachmat bin Badani

doi:10.36701/fikrah.v3i3.3560

Authors

Asri Asri Institut Agama Islam STIBA Makassar, Indonesia
Moh Agustiawan Institut Agama Islam STIBA Makassar, Indonesia
Rachmat bin Badani Institut Agama Islam STIBA Makassar, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36701/fikrah.v3i3.3560

Keywords:

Wahdah Islamiyah Sharia Council; fatwa; misyār marriage; Yusuf al-Qaradawi; Islamic family law.

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the views of the members of the Wahdah Islamiyah Sharia Council regarding Yusuf al-Qaradawi's fatwa on misyār marriage and to identify the underlying considerations shaping those views. This study employed a qualitative approach using field research methods. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis and were subsequently analyzed using a descriptive-analytical method. The findings reveal that the members of the Wahdah Islamiyah Sharia Council generally do not reject Yusuf al-Qaradawi's fatwa outright. They maintain that misyār marriage is legally valid provided that it fulfills the essential pillars and legal requirements of an Islamic marriage. However, its permissibility is regarded as a case-specific legal concession rather than an ideal form of marriage. Their views are primarily based on several considerations, including the fulfillment of the legal pillars and conditions of marriage, the concept of tanāzul (the voluntary waiver of certain marital rights by the wife), the objectives of marriage in Islam, the balance between public benefit (maṣlaḥah) and potential harm (mafsadah), and the social context underlying the issuance of the fatwa. The study demonstrates that the views of the members of the Wahdah Islamiyah Sharia Council are shaped by a combination of normative and contextual approaches in addressing contemporary issues of Islamic jurisprudence, thereby contributing to a better understanding of the dynamics of religious institutions' responses to contemporary fatwas in the field of Islamic family law.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Al-Qur'an

Kementerian Agama Republik Indonesia. Al-Qur'an dan Terjemahannya. Jakarta: Lajnah Pentashihan Mushaf Al-Qur'an, 2019.

Al-Bukhārī, Muḥammad ibn Ismā‘īl. Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī.

Al-Qardhawi, Yusuf. Fatwa-fatwa Kontemporer. Jilid III. Diterjemahkan oleh As'ad Yasin. Jakarta: Gema Insani, 2002.

Al-Qardhawi, Yusuf. Zawāj al-Misyār: Ḥaqīqatuhu wa Ḥukmuhu. Kairo: Maktabah Wahbah, 2005.

Al-Qusyairi, Muslim ibn al-Ḥajjāj. Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim.

Al-Raysūnī, Ahmad. Naẓariyyat al-Maqāṣid ‘inda al-Imām al-Shāṭibī. Herndon: International Institute of Islamic Thought (IIIT), 1995.

Al-Tirmiḏī, Muḥammad ibn ‘Īsā. Sunan al-Tirmiḏī.

Al-Zuḥaylī, Wahbah. Al-Fiqh al-Islāmī wa Adillatuhu. Juz IX. Damaskus: Dār al-Fikr, 2007.

Ibn Bayyah, Abdullah. Ṣinā‘at al-Fatwā wa Fiqh al-Aqalliyyāt. Jeddah: Dār al-Minhāj, 2007.

Ibn Kathīr, Ismā‘īl ibn ‘Umar. Tafsīr al-Qur'ān al-'Aẓīm. Riyadh: Dār Ṭayyibah li al-Nashr wa al-Tawzī‘, 1999.

Tidak terdapat buku lain selain kitab-kitab di atas yang menjadi sumber utama.

Afiqah, Siti Salma, Rahmawati Rahmawati, Weldra Ayu Putri, dan Zainal Azwar. "Analisis Fatwa Yusuf al-Qardhawi tentang Nikah Misyār dan Relevansinya dengan Hak Asasi Manusia." Tahkim (Jurnal Peradaban dan Hukum Islam) 7, no. 1 (2024): 21–42.

Bangun, Asnaria Cevinta Br., Suriani Diningsih, dan Putri Ramadani Tanjung. "Nikah Misyar Menurut Pandangan Para Ahli." Akhlak: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam dan Filsafat 2, no. 2 (2025): 172–181.

Busyro. "Menyoal Hukum Nikah Misyār dalam Potensinya Mewujudkan Maqāṣid al-Aṣliyyah dan Taba‘iyyah dalam Perkawinan Umat Islam." Al-Manahij: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam 11, no. 2 (2017): 133–144.

Chamdani, Zainuri. "Nikah Misyar: Aspek Maslahah dan Mafsadah." Syiar Hukum: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 19, no. 1 (2021): 91–113.

Fajri, Ismanul, Helmi Basri, dan Arisman. "Analisis Pendapat Wahbah al-Zuhaili tentang Nikah Misyar Perspektif Maqāṣid al-Syarī‘ah." Familia: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga 4, no. 1 (2023): 49–67.

Fatimawali. "Mengurai Kontroversi dan Manfaat Nikah Misyar." Al Qodiri: Jurnal Pendidikan Sosial dan Keagamaan 22, no. 2 (2024): 93–103.

Ishak, Azlina. "Analisis Nikah Misyar Perspektif Yusuf al-Qaradhawi." Al-Sulthaniyah 13, no. 2 (2024): 116–126.

Jumria, P., Faisal, dan Husnul Yaqin. "Maqāṣid al-Syarī‘ah in Fatwa Yusuf al-Qardhawi about Misyar Marriage." Cendekia: Jurnal Studi Keislaman 9, no. 1 (2023): 1–28.

Kasim, M., Hijrayanti Sari, dan Siti Aisyah. "Metode Penetapan Hukum Nikah Misyār Perspektif Yusuf al-Qarḍāwī." Bustanul Fuqaha 2, no. 3 (2021): 509–520.

Kholil, Ahmad, Kasuwi Saiban, dan Roqi Yasin. "Analisis terhadap Hasil Pemikiran Yusuf Qardhawi Berkenaan Nikah Misyar Menurut Ulama Nahdlatul Ulama dan Muhammadiyah Kota Malang." Komparatif 2, no. 1 (2022): 1–13.

Latip, Burhan, dkk. "Prohibition vs Persistence: Contract Marriages between the Objectives of Islamic Law and Local Legal Realities in Indonesia." An-Nisa Journal of Islamic Family Law 2, no. 4 (2025): 342–360.

Mardi, Isra, Abdul Kodir, dan Rohanda. "Epistemology of Misyar Marriage by Yusuf al-Qaradawi." El-Hadhanah: Indonesian Journal of Family Law and Islamic Law 5, no. 1 (2025): 46–64.

Multazam, Umar. "Telaah Pemahaman Maqāṣid al-Syarī‘ah dalam Fatwa Ulama Kontemporer Terkait Nikah Misyar." Ahkam 4, no. 2 (2025): 291–311.

Munawaroh, Lathifah, dan Suryani. "Ketimpangan Pemenuhan Hak Istri pada Pernikahan Misyar dalam Pemikiran Wahbah al-Zuhaili." Muslim Heritage 6, no. 1 (2021).

Nasiri. "Meneropong Pelaku Kawin Misyar di Surabaya dari Sudut Dramaturgi Erving Goffman." Ijtihad: Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam dan Kemanusiaan 15, no. 2 (2015): 199–218.

Nida, Wafiah Rafifatun. "Pandangan Tokoh Ulama Majelis Ulama Indonesia terhadap Fatwa Nikah Misyar Yusuf al-Qardhawi." Jurnal Penelitian Agama 24, no. 1 (2023): 87–108.

Nurhakim, Moh., dan Khairi Fadly. "Tinjauan Sosiologis Fatwa Ulama Kontemporer Mengenai Status Hukum Nikah Misyar." Jurnal Salam 14, no. 2 (2011).

Nurrahmah, Syafira Aulia, dan Ummu Sa'adah. "Pernikahan Siri dalam Perspektif Maslahah Mursalah." Al-Muttaqin 6, no. 1 (2025): 76–92.

Permana, Ahmad Andika, dan Sayehu. "Nikah Misyar dalam Analisis Perbandingan Undang-Undang Indonesia dengan Kompilasi Hukum Islam." Arus: Jurnal Sosial dan Humaniora 5, no. 3 (2025): 3699–3704.

Saepullah, Asep, dan Lilik Hanafiah. "Nikah Misyar Perspektif Yusuf Qardhawi dan Dosen Fakultas Syariah IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon." Mahkamah: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam 2, no. 2 (2017).

Simbolon, Muhammad Iran, dan M. Sulaiman Ridwan. "Analisis Hukum Islam terhadap Praktik Nikah Siri di Indonesia." Journal of Legal Sustainability 2, no. 1 (2025): 31–37.

Sutriyono. "Kritik Nalar Nikah Misyar dalam Perspektif Hukum Perkawinan di Indonesia." Samawa 3, no. 2 (2023): 52–69.

Tohari, Chomim. "Fatwa Ulama tentang Hukum Nikah Misyar Perspektif Maqāṣid Sharī‘ah." Al-Tahrir: Jurnal Pemikiran Islam 13, no. 2 (2013): 207–228.

Uddin, Ahm Ershad. "The Practice and Legitimacy of Misyār Marriage: A Critical Analysis within Islamic Law." Journal of the Near East University Islamic Research Center 9, no. 2 (2023): 254–270.

Ulya, Zakiyah, dan Umul Khair. "Prevensi Fatwa MUI tentang Pernikahan di Bawah Tangan Perspektif Maqāṣid al-Syarī‘ah." Al Muhkam 1, no. 2 (2025): 158–166.

Umaroh, Dewi. "Signifikansi Makna Nushūz dalam QS. al-Nisā' [4]: 34 dengan Tinjauan Teori Ma'nā-Cum-Maghzā." QOF 5, no. 1 (2021): 89–100.

Waluyo, Kasja Eki, Rachmat Syafe'i, I. Nurol Aen, dan Beni Ahmad Saebani. "Understanding and Implementation of Islamic Law: Study of the Unrecorded Polygyny Phenomenon in Karawang Regency." International Journal Ihya Ulum al-Din 26, no. 1 (2024): 132–142.

Alqadafi, Amir Fiqih. "Nikah Misyār di Indonesia (Kajian Sosiologi Hukum terhadap Praktek Nikah Misyār di Banyuwiru, Kabupaten Jember)." Skripsi. UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, 2016.

Faisal. "Studi Komparatif Keabsahan Nikah Misyār dalam Fikih Klasik dan Fikih Kontemporer." Skripsi. UIN Sumatera Utara, 2016.

Khasanah, Nur. "Hukum Nikah Misya." Skripsi. IAIN Purwokerto, 2019.

Kholil, Ahmad. "Pandangan Ulama Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) dan Muhammadiyah Kota Malang tentang Fatwa Nikah Misyar Yusuf al-Qardhawi." Skripsi. UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, 2018.

Mubarok, Al, dan Muhamad Helmi Md. Said. "Kontroversi Nikah Misyār (Kajian Istinbāṭ Hukum Ulama Kontemporer)." Skripsi. UIN Walisongo Semarang, 2015.

Mukaromah, Harisatul. "Pandangan Aktivis Gender Ponorogo terhadap Nikah Misyar Perspektif Yusuf al-Qardhawi." Skripsi. STAIN Ponorogo, 2016.

Naufal, Muḥammad Hafiiz. "Pemikiran Yusuf al-Qardhawi tentang Nikah Misyar." Skripsi. UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, 2017.

Nida, Wafiah Rafifatun. "Pandangan Tokoh Ulama Majelis Ulama Indonesia Kota Ponorogo terhadap Fatwa Nikah Misyar Yusuf al-Qardhawi." Skripsi. IAIN Ponorogo, 2021.

Shiddiqi, Hasbi Ash. Mawqif al-Qaraḍāwī fī Ḥukm Zawāj al-Misyār: Dirāsah Taḥlīliyyah Naqdiyyah fī Ḍaw' Ḍawābiṭ al-Maṣlaḥah li al-Syaikh Sa‘īd Ramaḍān al-Būṭī. UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, 2017.

Subail, Ahmad. "Tinjauan Hukum Islam terhadap Nikah Misyar (Studi terhadap Fatwa Yusuf al-Qaradawi tentang Nikah Misyar)." Skripsi. UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, 2013.

Apriandi, Rudi, dan Arisman. "Ruh Syariah dalam Akad Pernikahan Modern: Menimbang Tujuan Syariat di Balik Model Akad Kontemporer." 2025.

Syafi'i, Imam, Ramdan Wagianto, Hawa' Hidayatul Hikmiyah, Irzak Yuliardy Nugroho, dan Syaikhoni. "Harmonization of Islamic Law and Local Wisdom: A Methodological Reconstruction of Ijtihad in Family Law Based on Yusuf al-Qaradawi's Istinbāṭ Approach." Zenodo, 2026.