NUKHBATUL 'ULUM: Jurnal Bidang Kajian Islam
NUKHBATUL 'ULUM: Jurnal Bidang Kajian Islam is an academic journal published twice a year (June and December) by the Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (LPPM), Institut Agama Islam STIBA Makassar, Indonesia. This journal emphasizes specifications in the discourse of Islamic Studies (Dirasah Islamiyah), and communicates actual and contemporary research and problems with regard to Islamic studies. This journal openly accepts the contributions of experts from related disciplines. All published articles do not necessarily represent the views of journals, or other institutions that have links to journal publications. The article will be published in English and Arabic.
Pusat Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (P3M) Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Islam dan Bahasa Arab (STIBA) Makassar
Bani Israil in the Qur’an and Modern Israel: Symbolic Continuity and Political Discontinuity of Jewish Identity
This article aims to analyze the relationship between Bani Israil in the Qur’an and modern Israel by proposing the framework of symbolic continuity and political discontinuity of Jewish identity. The study arises from the tendency in contemporary religious and media discourse to conflate Bani Israil, Jews, Zionism, and the State of Israel into a single identity. Such conflation presents an academic problem because the Qur’an uses the term Bani Israil in a historical-religious context related to the descendants of Prophet Ya‘qub, prophetic experiences, divine covenants, transgressions, and moral admonitions. In contrast, modern Israel is a nation-state formed through Jewish nationalism, political Zionism, colonialism, the British mandate, and twentieth-century geopolitical configurations. This research employs a qualitative library-based method with a historical-genealogical approach. The primary data consist of Qur’anic verses concerning Bani Israil, Jews, Hādū, and Ahl al-Kitāb, while supporting data include tafsir literature, Jewish history, Zionism, modern Israel, identity theory, and relevant contemporary media. The study finds that modern Israel cannot be directly identified with Qur’anic Bani Israil because they differ in political structure and historical context. However, modern Israel is not entirely disconnected from Jewish tradition, as it employs names, symbols, territorial memory, and genealogical narratives to legitimize its national identity. Thus, the relationship between the two is best understood as symbolic continuity alongside political discontinuity. This article contributes to Qur’anic and Jewish identity studies by formulating symbolic continuity and political discontinuity as a proportional framework that distinguishes Qur’anic moral-genealogical categories from modern nationalist and legal-political constructions of Israel.
Bani Israil; Qur’an; modern Israel; Zionism; Jewish identity
Copyright (c) 2026 Alfian Yahya, Muhammad Sufiyan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
استعداد طالبات كلية الإمام الشافعي بمحافضة بجمبر لمواجهة الدور المزدوج بين الحياة الزوجية والمجال المهني: دراسة من منظور فقه الأسرة
In the era of globalization, women’s participation in the labor market has become a common phenomenon, including among final-year female students preparing for family life alongside a professional career. This study aims to analyze the readiness of final-year female students at Imam Syafi’i College in Jember to face dual roles in the future. The study employs a combination of field research and normative analysis based on Islamic family law using a qualitative descriptive approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and direct observation involving five unmarried students and were analyzed based on the Qur’an, Sunnah, and applicable regulations, including Islamic law and Marriage Law No. 1 of 1974. The results indicate that the participants possess an adequate level of awareness as well as intellectual and psychological readiness to perform their future roles as wives and mothers while participating in professional activities. Understanding Islamic legal rulings regarding women’s employment is essential for balancing family responsibilities and public roles. The study confirms that women’s employment is permissible as long as it complies with Islamic principles and does not lead to the neglect of family responsibilities.
dual role, Islamic family law, women’s employment
Copyright (c) 2026 Nadia Aulia Ramanda Putri, Sabilul Muhtadin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
دراسة مقاصدية في تعددية قانون الإرث (دراسة حالة منطقة تنغاران)
This study analyzes inheritance distribution practices within the context of legal pluralism in Tengaran District, Semarang Regency, and examines their conformity with the principles of Maqasid Syariah. The study aims to enrich contemporary legal discourse on inheritance among Muslim communities living under systems of legal pluralism. Employing a qualitative approach through interviews, questionnaires, and field observation across six villages (Patemon, Butuh, Karangduren, Sugihan, Klero, and Tengaran). The primary data were processed through narrative analysis methodology. The findings reveal that formal legal mechanisms, such as the Compilation of Islamic Law (the official regulations on Islamic family law in Indonesia), are rarely invoked as explicit references in inheritance distribution. Instead, the community prioritizes family-based consensual agreements (ishlah) rooted in local harmony and contextual justice. Local authorities maintain a limited role, primarily providing declaratory administrative services to document heirship. When evaluated against the five pillars of Maqasid al-Shari'ah, these practices only partially fulfill the shari'ah objectives. This partial fulfillment arises because these consensual agreements are dictated more by sociocultural norms and local customs than by a formal jurisprudential understanding of Islamic law. The study therefore recommends strengthening Islamic legal literacy within the community through the active involvement of religious figures in deliberation processes, alongside a reinforcement of the local government's role in overseeing such consultations, so that any agreement reached may stand on a foundation of sound and informed legal consciousness.
legal pluralism, inheritance, maqasid al-sharia, Mutual consent, Tengaran District
Copyright (c) 2026 Khodijah Khodijah, Ahmad Husaini https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Lavender Marriage and the Failure of Maqasid al-Usrah: Sexual Orientation Deception and the Violation of Wives’ Rights
The phenomenon of lavender marriage gives rise to significant legal ambiguity. A lavender marriage is a marriage used to conceal one’s sexual orientation from an unsuspecting spouse. Although such marriages formally satisfy the legal and religious requirements for marriage, they involve deception through the concealment of the husband’s sexual orientation. This study examines the extent to which lavender marriages fulfil the objectives of marriage within the Maqasid al-Usrah framework, focusing on their impact on the wives’rights, the validity of the practice, and the relevance of Maqasid al-Usrah in addressing these issues. This study employs a descriptive-qualitative method using a netnographic approach, through the analysis of podcasts as digital cultural artefacts representing the experiences of victims of ‘lavender marriages’. The data sources consist of podcasts from the YouTube channels of Deddy Corbuzier, Denny Sumargo, and Richard Lee, selected for their direct involvement of the interviewees and relevance to the research focus. The findings reveal that lavender marriages fail to fulfil the core objectives of Maqasid al-Usrah because they undermine honesty within marital relationships and fail to provide tranquillity and mutual trust between spouses. The practice also weakens family functions by obstructing reproductive rights, diminishing moral responsibility, and reducing marriage to an instrument of social concealment. As a solution, this study recommends amending Indonesia’s Marriage Law to explicitly recognise the fraudulent concealment of sexual orientation as a valid ground for annulment or divorce. It further encourages judges to adopt a justice-oriented approach that prioritises substantive fairness for wives who were deceived regarding their spouse’s sexual orientation.
Wives’ Rights, Lavender Marriage, Maqasid al-Usrah, Sexual Orientation Fraud.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mufatihatuttaubah Rorom Ika Putri, Siti Amiratul Adibah, Anisah Nayla Maghfiroh https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Advancing Zakat Performance through a Triple Helix Framework: An ANP-Based Prioritization of Solutions from South Sulawesi-Indonesia
As an essential component of Islamic social finance, zakat possesses considerable potential to reduce poverty and promote inclusive socio-economic development. However, the performance of zakat management remains suboptimal in many regions due to persistent governance challenges involving multiple stakeholders. This study aims to identify and prioritize strategic solutions for improving zakat performance in South Sulawesi, Indonesia, using the Analytic Network Process (ANP) within a Triple Helix governance framework. An exploratory sequential mixed-methods design was employed, in which qualitative findings were used to identify and validate governance determinants before being incorporated into the ANP model for priority analysis. The findings indicate that government-based solutions constitute the highest strategic priority, particularly strengthening regulatory certainty and policy support. Institutional reforms, including improvements in transparency, accountability, governance, and service quality, rank second, while community-based initiatives focusing on zakat literacy and public engagement serve as complementary priorities for sustainable zakat development. These results demonstrate that improving zakat performance requires coordinated and synergistic collaboration among government, zakat institutions, and society rather than isolated interventions by individual stakeholders. Methodologically, this study contributes by integrating the Triple Helix governance framework with the ANP approach to generate evidence-based strategic priorities for zakat governance. The proposed framework provides practical guidance for policymakers and zakat management organizations in designing integrated governance strategies to maximize the socio-economic impact of zakat.
zakat, zakat performance, Triple Helix, ANP, South Sulawesi
Copyright (c) 2026 Azwar Azwar, Abur Hamdi Usman, Hassan Shakeel Shah, Mutsalim Khareng, Lilly Suzana Shamsu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
اﻵثار النفسية واﻻجتماعية واﻻقتصادية لإهمال الحقوق بعد الطلاق بطلب الزوجة لانتهاك تعليق الطلاق وتخفيفها: دراسة لدى أرامل بمؤسسة اﻹسكان بسيدوارجو
Islamic law and positive law have comprehensively regulated women's post divorce rights. However, the legal consequences for wife initiated divorce remain inadequately defined. This leads to weak realization and failure to guarantee rights, particularly in default judgments stemming from taklik talak breaches. This study aims to examine the psychosocial-economic implications of rights neglect on widows, evaluate the role of the Al-Iskan Foundation Sidoarjo as an instrument for impact mitigation, and provide a legal critique as a basis for more substantive legal reconstruction. This study contributes by bridging the gap between legal and psychosocial analyses, revealing the paradox in the application of taklik talak, and highlighting the role of social institutions in mitigating the impacts of post divorce rights neglect. Employing a normative empirical approach and qualitative methods, data were gathered through field observations and in depth interviews with eight widows and foundation administrators. Results indicate that evidentiary obstacles, ineffective execution, low community legal literacy, and the dominance of verstek judgments are primary factors hindering rights realization. Neglecting these rights traps widows in structural poverty, causing heavy workloads and financial strain during the transition period. Psychosocially, it triggers role masculinization, devaluation of self contribution, and a decline in childcare quality. As a mitigation for the impacts of rights neglect caused by weak legal guarantees, the Al-Iskan Foundation Sidoarjo serves as a social institution providing housing, basic needs, and spiritual support, offering essential stability for the affected widows.
Rights neglect, wife initiated divorce, taklik talak breach, economic resilience, psychosocial condition
Copyright (c) 2026 Nahla Abdul Rachman, Irsan; Annisa Fristyarini, Intan Meurduati Nurwidyani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Neuro-Sufism as an Epistemological Bridge: Integrating Islamic Spirituality and Modern Science
This study examines the epistemological integration between Sufism and modern neuroscience in response to the persistent dichotomy between religious and scientific knowledge in contemporary Islamic thought. While previous studies have explored the psychological and functional dimensions of spirituality, few have systematically formulated an integrative epistemological framework connecting Sufi consciousness with neuroscientific theories of consciousness. This research aims to analyze the epistemology of consciousness in Sufism, examine neuroscientific perspectives on consciousness, and formulate Neuro-Sufism as an interdisciplinary epistemological paradigm. The study employs qualitative library research using a hermeneutic-philosophical approach to classical Sufi texts, particularly the works of Al-Ghazali and Ibn ‘Arabi, alongside neuroscientific theories proposed by Antonio Damasio and Andrew Newberg. The findings demonstrate that Al-Ghazali’s concept of qalb as the center of spiritual awareness corresponds to neuroscientific understandings of emotional-cognitive integration within the brain, particularly in relation to self-awareness and emotional regulation. Likewise, Ibn ‘Arabi’s notion of transcendent consciousness reflects dimensions of higher awareness that parallel contemporary discussions on altered states of consciousness and neuroplasticity. The study further finds that spiritual practices such as dhikr contribute not only to spiritual purification but also to measurable neurological changes associated with attention, emotional stability, and mental regulation. Based on these findings, this study formulates Neuro-Sufism as an integrative epistemological framework that unites revelation, reason, spiritual experience, and empirical neuroscience without reducing spirituality to biological mechanisms. This framework offers theoretical contributions to contemporary Islamic epistemology and practical implications for education, spirituality, and mental health.
Neuro-Sufism, Epistemology, Sufism, Neuroscience, Consciousness
Copyright (c) 2026 Aprilia Musawamah, Suadi Sa’ad , Masykur Wahid, Ade Fakih Kurniawan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Divine Meaning Through Science: A Holistic Study of Islamic Integration in Addressing Modern Multidimensional Crises
This article examines the search for divine meaning in science through a holistic integrative framework grounded in Islamic epistemology, particularly in response to the multidimensional crises characterizing modern society. Contemporary science, while technologically advanced, often operates within a reductionist and value-neutral paradigm that marginalizes ethical and spiritual dimensions. This study aims to analyze how the integration of Islamic spiritual principles can reorient scientific inquiry toward a more meaningful and ethically grounded paradigm. Employing a qualitative library-based research method, the study conducts a critical–descriptive analysis of classical and contemporary scholarly works on science–religion integration, holistic epistemology, and modern civilizational crises. The discussion demonstrates that positioning science within a tauhid-based worldview enables a reconceptualization of natural phenomena as both empirical realities and signs of divine order, thereby restoring ethical orientation, existential meaning, and epistemic coherence in scientific practice. The scholarly contribution of this article lies in its formulation of “divine meaning in science” as a conceptual epistemological framework that bridges empirical inquiry with spiritual consciousness, rather than merely advocating methodological dialogue between science and religion. This approach provides a specific conceptual alternative for addressing ecological, moral, and existential crises by repositioning science as a value-oriented and integrative human endeavor.
Divine meaning in science, Islamic epistemology of science, Tauhid-based scientific paradigm, Science–spirituality integration, Modern multidimensional crisis
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Syauqi Arinal Haq , Suadi Saad, Masykur Wahid https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
An Analytical Study on Lecturer Development Management at the College of Islamic and Arabic Studies (STIBA) Makassar
This article examines the management of faculty development at STIBA Makassar as a strategic foundation for strengthening the Tridarma of higher education. The study aims to analyze specific dimensions of faculty development—pedagogical competence, research productivity, and career advancement—while assessing management aspects such as budgetary allocation, supervisory consistency, and institutional incentive systems. A qualitative case study approach was employed, involving ten informants selected through purposive sampling, including institutional leaders, department heads, and senior lecturers. Data analysis followed a thematic approach with an inductive-deductive coding process, ensuring trustworthiness through source triangulation. The findings reveal that while STIBA Makassar demonstrates strong institutional commitment, implementation faces structural hurdles, including budget constraints and excessive teaching workloads that stifle research productivity. However, the P3M unit has shown progress through AI-based writing and OJS digitalization. By synthesizing these findings with Human Resource Development and Motivation theories, this research contributes a Hybrid Management Model that integrates modern professional accountability with traditional Islamic institutional values. These results provide a strategic roadmap for building a sustainable, quality-oriented faculty development system in pesantren-based institutions.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Ridwan, Muh. Wayong, Musdalifah Musdalifah, Fauziah Ramdani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Opportunities and Challenges of Halal Tourism Industry in Indonesia: A SWOT Analysis
The rapid global growth of the tourism industry has positioned halal tourism as one of the most promising sectors in Muslim-majority countries. Indonesia, with its large Muslim population and rich natural and cultural diversity, holds significant potential to become a leading destination in the halal tourism market. This study aims to examine the opportunities and challenges faced by Indonesia’s halal tourism industry and to formulate strategic recommendations for its development. Employing a descriptive qualitative method with a phenomenological approach and SWOT analysis, this study explores internal and external factors influencing the industry. The findings reveal that Indonesia’s strengths lie in the growing Muslim population, increasing awareness of the halal lifestyle, and government support through institutional coordination. Meanwhile, the main challenges include relatively low-quality infrastructure compared to competitors, limited technological integration, and the absence of specific financial and legal frameworks for halal tourism. The study recommends a growth strategy through horizontal integration, emphasizing digital branding and social media promotion, as well as the urgency of establishing a national law on halal tourism. The novelty of this research lies in its comprehensive positioning of Indonesia’s halal tourism industry using SWOT analysis to bridge the gap between potential and policy direction, offering strategic insight for policymakers and industry stakeholders.
halal, tourism, industry, SWOT, Indonesia
Copyright (c) 2025 Azwar Azwar, Abur Hamdi Usman, Khaerul Aqbar, Humaira Ahmad, Mutsalim Khareng https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Integration of the Qur'anic Property Rights Concept in the Development of Productive Wakaf: A Thematic Interpretation Approach (Maudhu'i)
The purpose of this study is to examine the concept of property rights in the Qur'an and its relevance to the development of productive waqf. This study uses a thematic interpretation approach with the following steps: compiling Qur'anic verses related to property rights and asset management; analyzing linguistic meanings, contexts, and correlations between verses; and synthesizing Qur'anic values that can be implemented in the management of productive waqf. The factual finding is that the suboptimal nature of productive waqf, caused by low literacy and inadequate appreciation of the Qur'anic right of ownership, hinders waqf management. As a result, this hinders the fulfillment of social responsibilities, because the success of waqf requires understanding and dedication to religious and economic interests. The results of the study show that ownership rights in the view of the Qur'an are amanah (trust ownership), not absolute ownership, and must be oriented towards social functions. Qur'anic values such as amanah, distributive justice, and sustainability of benefits are the basic principles for the development of productive waqf that is fair and sustainable. This research contributes to strengthening the normative and theological foundations for productive waqf practices in the modern era, as well as offering a framework for integrating Qur'anic values into the management of community assets in accordance with maqāṣid al-syarī‘ah.
Qur’anic ownership, productive waqf, waqf regulation, Islamic economics, collective ownership
Copyright (c) 2026 Farida Aprianti, Achmad Abubakar, Muhsin Mahfuz, Muhammad Rusdin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
A Comparative Study of the Shafi‘i and Maliki Schools on Debt Transactions in the Mulangin Tradition within the Wedding Reception Culture of the Betawi Community
This study examines the mulangin tradition within the Betawi community, a form of reciprocal social-economic practice that functions as an informal debt system rooted in solidarity and mutual aid. The problem arises from its unclear legal status in Islamic jurisprudence whether mulangin constitutes a lawful loan or a customary social practice. This research using a qualitative narrative and socio-legal approach, this research analyzes the practice through the perspectives of the Shafi‘i and Maliki schools, employing field interviews, observations, and classical fiqh texts as primary sources. The findings show that the Shafi‘i school emphasizes contractual clarity and the avoidance of additional benefits that could lead to Riba, while the Maliki school legitimizes mulangin as a valid social custom as long as it aligns with the objectives of Islamic law and mutual consent. The study concludes that mulangin represents a living synthesis between Islamic law and local wisdom, demonstrating the adaptability of Islamic jurisprudence in accommodating social and cultural realities without compromising the principles of justice , consent, and communal welfare.
Mulangin Tradition, Shafi’i School, Maliki School, Fiqh Muamalah, The Law of Walimah
Copyright (c) 2025 Fatih Zein Muhammad, Ahmad Bisyri Abd. Shomad https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
ملاءمة طريقة الحوار السقراطي في تنمية مهارة الكلام لدى طلاب الصف السابع بمدرسة الأزهر المتوسطة الإسلامية - مِنْجَانْتِي كَرْسِيكْ
Teaching Arabic at the junior secondary level faces several serious challenges, most notably the limited participation of students in oral communication and the dominance of lecture-based instructional approaches. This study aims to analyze the suitability of the Socratic dialogue method in developing speaking skills among seventh-grade students at Al-Azhar Islamic Junior High School, Menganti Gresik. This research employed a descriptive qualitative design. The participants consisted of seventh-grade students enrolled in Arabic language classes at the aforementioned school. Data were collected through classroom observations, semi-structured interviews with teachers and students, questionnaires, and an analysis of instructional documents and assessment reports. The data were analyzed using Miles and Huberman’s model through the stages of data collection, reduction, categorization into thematic units, and verification of credibility through both source triangulation and method triangulation. The findings indicate that the implementation of the Socratic dialogue method enhances students’ active participation in oral interaction, strengthens their ability to formulate reflective questions and responses in Arabic, and promotes the development of critical thinking skills. However, several challenges were identified, including limited instructional time, unequal student participation, and increased cognitive load for some learners. The study suggests that integrating the Socratic dialogue method with task-based language teaching (TBLT), along with continuous teacher training, can improve its effectiveness in developing speaking skills in Arabic language classrooms.
Socratic dialogue method, speaking skills, Arabic language learning, TBLT, critical reflection
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Imam Nawawi , Kamal Yusuf https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
(منهج الشيخ حسنين مخلوف في تقرير صفات الله (دراسة تطبيقية من خلال تفسيره صفوة البيان لمعاني القرآن
This study examines the methodology of Shaykh Ḥusayn Muḥammad Makhlūf in affirming the divine attributes of Allah through his exegesis Ṣafwat al-Bayān li-Maʿānī al-Qurʾān, a concise tafsīr that gained wide popularity among ordinary Muslims due to its clarity of expression and accessibility. The importance of this research lies in the potential risk of doctrinal deviations being transmitted through such concise works to the general readership, as well as the need to assess the extent to which this tafsīr adheres to the creed of the pious predecessors (al-salaf al-ṣāliḥ). The study employs a descriptive-analytical approach combined with a comparative method, by tracing the author’s interpretations concerning the divine attributes, weighing them against textual and rational evidences, and comparing them with the positions of the salaf and leading exegetes. The findings reveal that Makhlūf affirmed several major attributes—such as life, knowledge, power, speech, and transcendence (both in essence and in dominance)—in line with the methodology of the salaf. However, in other places, he adopted the path of tafwīḍ (consigning meanings) and taʾwīl (figurative interpretation), attributing tafwīḍ of meanings to the salaf, categorizing verses of transcendence and istiwāʾ as mutashābihāt (ambiguous), and interpreting certain attributes, such as seeing, hearing, face, and shin, away from their apparent meanings. This produced a methodological inconsistency between affirmation, tafwīḍ, and taʾwīl. The contribution of this study lies in highlighting the doctrinal dimensions of Ṣafwat al-Bayān, pointing out its methodological shortcomings, and guiding readers and scholars towards reliance on authoritative salafī exegeses, while offering a critical academic perspective that distinguishes between the genuine salaf methodology and its divergences.
ʿAqīdah (Islamic Creed), Divine Attributes, Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jamāʿah, Tafwīḍ (Consignment), Taʾwīl (Allegorical Interpretation)
Copyright (c) 2025 Ridwan Nur al-Salam https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
الفلسفة الماركسية وموقف مفكري المسلمين منها:دراسة تحليلية نقدية
This research aims to study Marxism as a philosophical and social movement that emerged in the 19th century in response to the economic and social transformations brought about by the Industrial Revolution, and to analyze its theoretical structure in light of its central concepts such as dialectical materialism, historical materialism, and class struggle. The researcher adopted a comparative analytical approach, through a critical reading of classical Marxist texts and comparing them with Islamic intellectual positions, to reveal the strengths and weaknesses of the Marxist interpretation of man and society. The results showed that Marxism has made an important contribution to the analysis of economic injustice and the critique of capitalism through the concept of the exploitation of the working class and the accumulation of capital. However, it remains limited because it interprets history from a purely materialistic perspective and neglects the spiritual and metaphysical dimensions of human existence. The research also showed that Islamic thought, on the other hand, offers an integrative vision that reconciles the material and the spiritual, restoring social justice to its ethical and spiritual dimension. The scientific importance of this research lies in its contribution to renewing the dialogue between Marxist and Islamic thought and highlighting the need to develop an alternative epistemological model that balances economic analysis and human values, in line with contemporary challenges such as globalization, environmental crises, and digital transformations.
Marxism, Dialectical Materialism, Historical Materialism, Class Struggle, Islamic Thought
Copyright (c) 2025 Amal Fathullah Zarkasyi, Allan Muhammad https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Islamization of the Invinsible Hand Concept by Adam Smith: A Reconstruction towards Islamic Key Principles
This study aims to Islamize Adam Smith’s concept of the invisible hand, which has long been regarded as a central pillar of capitalist economic theory. The invisible hand describes a free market mechanism in which individuals pursuing self-interest unintentionally contribute to collective welfare. While this theory emphasizes efficiency, it has been criticized for neglecting morality, justice, and equity. From an Islamic economic perspective, these dimensions are essential, as economic activity must be aligned with values of tawḥīd (monotheism), justice, and social responsibility. The research employs a qualitative approach through literature review and conceptual analysis. The literature review examines Adam Smith’s The Wealth of Nations and The Theory of Moral Sentiments, alongside classical and contemporary Islamic economic writings. Conceptual analysis is then used to assess the compatibility between the invisible hand and Islamic principles, particularly the role of zakat, ḥisbah, and maqāṣid al-Syarīʿah in shaping economic justice and social welfare. The results show that Smith’s invisible hand can be reconstructed by integrating Islamic values, thereby producing a more equitable economic model. While self-interest remains a driving force for efficiency, Islamic principles such as distributive justice through zakat, ethical oversight through ḥisbah, and alignment with maqāṣid al-Syarīʿah ensure that markets also serve moral and social objectives. The implication of this study is twofold: theoretically, it contributes to the enrichment of Islamic economic thought; practically, it offers policymakers an alternative framework for designing economic systems that are not only efficient but also just and welfare-oriented.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Faqih Nidzom, Allan Muhammad, Rizvan Falah Kamil https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Quality Standards for Online Dakwah Content (Thematic Study in the Book Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim)
The quality of online da‘wah content is a critical determinant of its effectiveness in conveying religious messages in the digital era. Its impact is highly contingent upon the faithful application of ethical principles rooted in the teachings of Islam. This study aims to identify quality standards for online da‘wah content based on the teachings of Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim. The research adopts a qualitative literature review (library research) approach, employing both normative–theological and sociological methods, and applies a thematic analysis of relevant hadith narratives. The findings indicate that quality standards for online da‘wah content, as reflected in Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim, comprise core values such as honesty, politeness, gentleness, friendliness, humility, moderation, exemplary behavior, refraining from slander and conflict, and fostering an optimistic outlook. The hadiths in Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim underscore the vital significance of preserving the authenticity of the da‘wah message and upholding ethical standards in its delivery — a matter of utmost relevance when addressing the challenges posed by digital platforms. To ensure that online da‘wah has a constructive and meaningful impact in nurturing the faith and moral character of its audience, it must be grounded in these high moral and intellectual standards.
content quality standards, online da'wah, Ṣaḥiḥ Muslim, thematic studies, hadith and da'wah
Copyright (c) 2025 Putriany Putriany, Zulfahmi Alwi, Arifuddin Ahmad https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Risk Management Based on Lā Ḍarar wa Lā Ḍirār in Sharia Home Financing
This study aims to analyze and elaborate on the concept of risk management based on lā ḍarar wa lā ḍirār in Sharia Home Financing at PT Wahana Persada Indonesia, one of the Sharia Property Developers. The research employs a qualitative method with a grounded theory methodology approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with relevant organizational stakeholders, observations, and document analysis. The findings reveal that the risk management concept implemented by PT Wahana Persada Indonesia involves a step-by-step process comprising risk qualification, risk identification, and risk control as part of the application of lā ḍarar wa lā ḍirār. Risk management strategies are conducted within the framework of Islamic legal maxims (qawā‘id fiqhiyyah) and are constructed into two derived principles, namely al-ḍarar yudfa‘ bi qadri al-imkān (harm should be removed as much as possible) and al-ḍarar yuzāl (harm must be eliminated), which serve as analytical tools. The findings of this study can serve as input for risk management regulations in Islamic financial institutions or other Sharia-compliant developers by integrating risk management strategies with Sharia values.
Risk Management, Sharia Property Developers, Lā Ḍarar wa lā Ḍirār
Copyright (c) 2025 Kurnaemi Anita, Wahyuddin Abdullah, Sumarlin Sumarlin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
أصول المسائل الفقهية عند الشافعية: دراسة تطبيقية على أصل "النوم ناقض للوضوء" نموذجًا
This study explores the concept of “Foundations of Jurisprudential Issues” (Uṣūl al-Masāʾil al-Fiqhiyyah) within the Shāfiʿī school, examining its meaning, usage, and practical application through the principle: "Sleep invalidates ablution (wuḍūʾ) except for one sitting firmly". The research problem lies in the ambiguity of this concept and the lack of independent analytical studies, despite its frequent use in Shāfiʿī legal literature. The precise meaning of the term and the methodological approach of the scholars in dealing with it -through derivation (takhrīj) and branching (tafrīʿ)- have not been clearly defined. The study adopts a descriptive, analytical, and comparative methodology, by examining the writings of Shāfiʿī jurists and uṣūl scholars, analyzing their use of the term, and applying it to a specific jurisprudential principle to identify the relied-upon narrations and trace their juristic implications. The main objectives are to define and clarify the concept of Uṣūl al-Masāʾil al-Fiqhiyyah, and to explain the Shāfiʿī methodology in establishing and applying such foundational principles in jurisprudential reasoning. The research concludes that the Foundations of Jurisprudential Issues refer to the authoritative views of Imām al-Shāfiʿī upon which his followers built subsequent rulings. Recognizing these foundations helps in understanding the structure of the madhhab and the criteria of preference within it. The study also finds that the principle "Sleep invalidates ablution except for one sitting firmly" is based on the new (jadīd) opinion of Imām al-Shāfiʿī and has become a firmly established foundation upon which numerous juristic branches are built.
Copyright (c) 2025 Imam Riadi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
الجملة في كتاب الأربعين النووية عند نظرية محمد ابراهيم عبادة (دراسة نحوية)
This study aims to identify the types and forms of sentences in Arabic language from the perspective of Muhammad Ibrahim Ubadah's theory, with the object of study being the book of Al-Arba’in Al-Nawawiyyah. The approach used is a syntactic approach. This study is a descriptive-qualitative research. The type of data used is qualitative data, and the source of data is the book of Al-Arba’in Al-Nawawiyyah. The data collection technique used is the observation-note method, and the analysis technique used is the distributive method, specifically BUL technique (Immediate Constituent Analysis). The results of this study show that there are six relevant types of sentences, including simple sentences, extended sentences, compound and complex sentences, complex sentences, embedded sentences, and intertwined sentences. From these sentence types, there are two forms in simple sentences, namely nominal and verbal patterns, five expansion forms in extended sentences, three connector forms in compound and complex sentences, five subordinating conjunction forms in complex sentences, two sentences that form embedded sentence patterns, and four sentences in intertwined sentence patterns. Through this study, it is expected to provide theoretical benefits and can be used as literature in the study of Arabic language.
sentence, al-arba’in al-nawawiyyah, method, theory, Arabic language
Copyright (c) 2025 Azwar Khairuyyasir, Akmaliyah Akmaliyah, Siti Muslikah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Carbon Credit Trading: A Juridical and Fiqh Muamalah Review
This paper examines carbon credit trading from both juridical and fiqh muamalah perspectives. Carbon trading as promoted under the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement, has become a strategic instrument for mitigating climate change by assigning value to verified emission reductions. As interest in environmental finance grows, assessing its alignment with Islamic legal principles is increasingly important. This study employs a qualitative library research method using a descriptive-analytical approach. Data sources include national and international laws, classical and contemporary Islamic legal texts, and academic journal articles relevant to the topic. The findings show that, from a juridical perspective, the Emission Reduction Purchase Agreement (ERPA) positions carbon credit trading within the framework of civil law, especially in contract and property law domains. From the fiqh muamalah perspective, carbon trading can be interpreted through the concept of ijarah bi al-manfa’ah, where the tradable benefit is the certified reduction of emissions. In this context, countries or companies engaged in reforestation or low-emission initiatives provide measurable environmental services to higher-emission entities, who compensate them financially. The study concludes that carbon credit trading, when implemented with transparency and fairness, aligns with both legal and sharia principles. The novelty of this research lies in its integrative analysis, offering a conceptual bridge between modern environmental policy and Islamic commercial jurisprudence, providing insights for regulators, Islamic finance institutions, and policy-makers seeking to develop sharia-compliant environmental instruments.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nuradi Nuradi, Husnul Khatimah, Jaih Mubarok https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
The Integration of Artificial Intelligence in Hadith Scholarship: A Bibliometric Perspective on Emerging Research Directions
This study aims to map the research landscape concerning the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in hadith studies. It seeks to identify key academic trends, including publication growth patterns, frequently explored topics, institutional and individual contributions, emerging research directions, and areas that remain underexplored. The analysis employs bibliometric methods based on data from the Scopus database, covering the period from 2013 to 2024. The findings reveal a significant increase in scholarly interest, with 103 publications identified, reflecting the growing recognition of AI's relevance in hadith scholarship. Among the most prolific contributors is Sayoud, H., while the most cited work—Hadith Data Mining and Classification: A Comparative Analysis by Saloot M.A. et al. (2021)—highlights the multidisciplinary importance of AI in the classification of hadith. Publication analysis shows that the Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, and Procedia Computer Science are the leading platforms for disseminating AI-related research in this domain. Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia stands out as the most active institution in this field. Geographically, Malaysia leads the research output, contributing 30 publications. Topic mapping identifies key research themes such as hadith, authenticity, narrator, Qur'an, model, approach, technique, and classifier. Emerging topics—including authenticity, narrator, reliability, isnad (chain of transmission), saying, and deep learning—indicate a growing focus on hadith authentication and chain analysis using AI technologies. Conversely, areas such as complexity, challenge, meaning, phase, order, Muslim, and legislation appear to be underrepresented, suggesting potential opportunities for future exploration. This study highlights the growing integration of AI into hadith scholarship, urging institutions to adopt digital approaches, expand research collaboration, and explore underrepresented topics through broader datasets and mixed-method analyses to advance both theoretical and practical dimensions of Islamic studies.
artificial intelligence; hadith; hadith studies; bibliometric
Copyright (c) 2025 Azwar Azwar, Abur Hamdi Usman, Mohd Farid Ravi Abdullah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Role of Bahtsul Masail in Improving the Understanding of Jurisprudence of Santri at Manbaul Hikam Islamic Boarding School in Burneh Bangkalan
Discussion forums organized in Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) are one of the most effective means to support students’ understanding of scientific material in the yellow classical books (kitab kuning). Bahtsul masail is a typical religious discussion forum in the pesantren tradition, which is used to examine contemporary issues through a fiqih perspective. This research explores the role of bahtsul masail in improving the understanding of fikih among the santri of Pondok Pesantren Manbaul Hikam Burneh, Bangkalan. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method, involving observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation analysis as data collection techniques. The results show that bahtsul masail plays a significant role in deepening the fikih understanding of santri, especially in terms of the practical application of Islamic law. The intensive and collaborative discussions in bahtsul masail encourage santri to think critically and analytically on complex issues, which in turn strengthens their intellectual and religious skills. This study concludes that Bahtsul Masail is an important instrument in pesantren education that is effective in producing knowledgeable and insightful santri. This study gives implication that bahtsul masail as the main learning method that not only encourages the improvement of santri's knowledge in religious sciences, but also develops their skills in scientific and religious argumentation through interactive and collaborative discussions.
Bahtsul Masail, Understanding of Jurisprudence, Santri, Pesantren; Manbaul Hikam
Copyright (c) 2025 Ahmad Musadad, Baihaqi Baihaqi, Muttaqin Choiri, Tri Pujiati, Asmoi Asmoi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
فقه الإمام إبراهيم النخعي وأثره في مذهب الحنفية في صفة الصلاة
The research aims to: - Introduce Imam Ibrahim al-Nakha'i (may Allah have mercy on him) through a brief biographical sketch. -Compile his jurisprudential views on a section of the Book of Prayer, study the issues therein, and clarify his positions. -Uncover the methodology of Imam al-Nakha'i (may Allah have mercy on him) and its relation to the ijtihadi approach of the Hanafi school.The research adopts an inductive and deductive methodology. The findings reveal a significant influence of his jurisprudence on the Hanafi school, as they concurred with him in seven out of eight issues examined. Two of these are unique to the Hanafis, who disagreed with the majority in favor of Imam al-Nakha'i's opinion. They disagreed with him on only one issue, yet even in that, they agreed with a less well-known narration attributed to him. Furthermore, they aligned with him on numerous evidentiary sources in Islamic law, including the Qur’an, Sunnah (particularly mursal hadith), consensus (ijma‘), analogical reasoning (qiyas), and the statements of the Companions. This research highlights the impact of Imam al-Nakha‘i’s jurisprudence—may Allah have mercy on him—on the Hanafi school, both in its foundational principles and practical rulings.
madhhab (school of thought), prayer, description
Copyright (c) 2025 Arben Ghani Ahmetay https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
منهج الشيخ عبد الحق الدهلوي في خصائص النبي (عرض وتعقيب على ضوء عقيدة أهل السنة والجماعة)
In this research, I shed light, to the best of my ability, on the following elements: (1) a brief biography of al-Dahlawi, (2) al-Dahlawi's approach to the characteristics of the Prophet ﷺ and the doctrinal violations he cited without providing evidence for them from the Qur'an and Sunnah, (3) a commentary on these characteristics in light of the doctrine of Ahl al-Sunnah wal-Jama'ah. This is achieved by following an inductive analytical approach, whereby the characteristics not proven by the Qur'an and Sunnah are collected from al-Dahlawi's works, followed by an analysis based on the Qur'an, Sunnah, and the sayings of the righteous predecessors to determine the extent to which the sheikh agrees with the doctrine of Ahl al-Sunnah. The research extracts the following results from it: 1) al-Dahlawi is a renowned scholar, especially in the Indian subcontinent, and author of numerous works on the doctrine of the Ash'aris and the Sufi order. 2) al-Dahlawi differed from Ahl al-Sunnah wal-Jama'ah regarding some of the characteristics of the Prophetﷺ , and this is considered an exaggeration in his praise of the Prophet ﷺ. 3) There is no authentic evidence that the first of creations was our Prophet Muhammad ﷺ or his spirit. 4) There is no authentic evidence to indicate this, and the claim that the Prophet ﷺ parents embraced Islam and were saved contradicts the Quran, the Sunnah, and the consensus. 5) The prophets are alive in their graves, and this life is a life in the intermediate realm, not a worldly life. 6) It has been proven that the control of the universe is the exclusive property of Allah Almighty, and no one shares it with Him, neither prophet nor angel. Ad-Dahlawi (may Allah forgive him) also disagreed on this and affirmed that other prophets and saints can control the universe.
Ahl al‑Sunnah wa al‑Jamā‘ah, Characteristics of the Prophet, Methodology, Creed, ‘Abd al‑Ḥaqq al‑Dihlawī
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Mahmud Al Hasan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
Temporary Tattoo Decorations on the Body from the Perspective of Islamic Jurisprudence
This study aims to examine in depth the law of using temporary tattoos in the perspective of Islamic fiqh. The research method used in this study is library research with a phenomenological and normative approach. The data were collected through documentation methods and subsequently analyzed using qualitative analysis. The results of this study indicate that the law of using temporary tattoo decoration on the body in the perspective of Islamic fiqh is still in dispute (khilāfiyyah). Some contemporary scholars allow temporary tattoos on the condition that they do not contain images of animate beings, do not resemble non-Islamic culture, do not block the water of ablution, and are not permanent. However, some conservative scholars reject the use of temporary tattoos on the grounds of prudence (wara') and the application of the sad al-Zara'i rule to prevent greater harm, such as the possibility of resembling non-Muslim practices and obstruction of wudu. Therefore, the use of temporary tattoos should be considered based on intention, materials, cultural context, and its impact on worship obligations. This study recommends a wise and selective attitude in the use of temporary tattoos in accordance with the principles of Islamic law. This research is expected to make a significant contribution to the understanding of fiqh law related to the use of temporary tattoos and can be a practical guide for muslim communities as well as a valuable reference for further research.
body adornment, Islamic jurisprudence, temporary tattoos
Copyright (c) 2025 Musriwan Musriwan, Andi Dahmayanti, Andi Indra Putri, Risdayani Risdayani, Nur Utami https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Repeating an Obligatory Prayer when One Finds a Congregation in the Mosque
In everyday Muslim devotional life, it is not uncommon for an individual who has already performed an obligatory (farḍ) prayer—either privately or elsewhere—to arrive at a mosque where congregational prayer (ṣalāt al-jamāʿah) is being established. This situation raises a recurring jurisprudential question: should the individual repeat the obligatory prayer with the congregation, and what is the legal status (ḥukm) of such repetition (iʿādah)? This article aims to conceptualize the practice of repeating an obligatory prayer upon encountering a congregation and to examine the legal rulings and juristic reasoning surrounding it across the major Sunni schools of law. The study employs a qualitative, library-based methodology using a normative juridical approach, drawing on classical and contemporary works of fiqh, uṣūl al-fiqh, and ḥadīth. A comparative analysis is conducted of the positions held by the Ḥanafī, Mālikī, Shāfiʿī, and Ḥanbalī schools. The findings reveal that repeating an obligatory prayer with a congregation after having already fulfilled it—either individually or in another congregation—is generally regarded as a recommended (mandūb or sunnah) act rather than a renewed obligation. The repeated prayer is typically classified as supererogatory (nāfilah) or confirmatory in nature, intended to attain the additional merit of congregational worship, while the initial prayer remains the one that fulfills the legal obligation. Nevertheless, juristic disagreement persists regarding specific details, including the permissibility of repeating certain prayers such as ʿAṣr and Maghrib, as well as the ruling on repetition for those who have already prayed in congregation. By clarifying these differences and their evidentiary bases, this study provides a clearer jurisprudential framework for contemporary mosque communities and fiqh educators in addressing the practice of iʿādah of obligatory prayer.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sri Ujiana Putri, Andi Indra Puteri, Khusnul Khotimah, Hilyah Hilyah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Analysis of Contract for Umrah Financing Products at Kalsel Sharia Bank
Umrah financing products are available in sharia financial institutions including sharia banks. In fact, in the Fatwa of the National Sharia Council of the Indonesian Ulema Council (DSN-MUI) there is no specific fatwa that regulates Umrah financing. Based on article 26 of Law Number 21 of 2008 concerning Sharia Banking, it states that business activities and/or products and services of sharia banks must comply with sharia principles, namely referring to the DSN-MUI Fatwa. Based on this background, the author is interested in researching how the Umrah financing product is practiced in sharia banks with the contract approach and sharia conformity in the implementation of the Umrah financing product at the South Kalimantan Syariah Bank. The aim of this research is to determine the Umrah financing product at Bank Kalsel Syariah and to analyze the contract. This type of research is empirical legal research, which is qualitative in nature using descriptive methods. The results of the study indicate that Bank Kalsel Syariah's Umrah financing product is sharia financing for Umrah pilgrimage trips. The implementation of this product refers to the DSN MUI Fatwa Number: 44/DSN-MUI/VIII/2004 concerning Multiservice Financing. The Umrah financing product at Bank Kalsel Syariah uses an Ijarah contract, the implementation of which follows the provisions in the DSN MUI Fatwa Number: 09/DSN-MUI/IV/2000 concerning Ijarah Financing. With this product, Bank Kalsel Syariah can receive service compensation (ujrah) or fees, the amount of which has been agreed at the beginning and is expressed in nominal form.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rahmatul Huda https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
حكم الضمان على قتل البهائم المحترمة إذا صالت على الإنسان (دراسة في ضوء القاعدة الاضطرار لا يبطل حق الغير)
This research, which I present to the esteemed reader, discusses the ruling on the liability for killing respected animals if they attack a human (the principle that necessity does not negate the right of others). The aim of the research is to understand the ruling on killing someone else's livestock and the ruling on compensation for killing respected livestock if they attack a person (the principle that necessity does not negate the right of others). The research problem lies in two points: the first, what is the ruling on killing someone else's livestock. Second, what is the ruling on compensating for the killing of respected animals if they attack a human (the principle that necessity does not negate the right of others)? The scientific methodology followed by this research in achieving its objectives is as follows: the inductive method and the deductive method. The most important findings of this research are: First, it is not permissible to intentionally kill someone else's livestock except in cases of necessity, which is when the respected livestock attacks a human. Secondly, there is no liability for the damage in this case, meaning if the animal attacked him, and the principle that necessity does not nullify the right of others was not applied in this case, as it is an exception to the rule.
Ruling, guarantee, killing, livestock, principle
Copyright (c) 2026 Rosmita Rosmita, Rahmayani Rahmayani, Miftahul Jannah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Integration of Islamic Law into Local Governance: the Impact of Datuk Tellue’s Da’wah in South Sulawesi
The Islamization of South Sulawesi, particularly in the Bugis-Makassar hinterland, represents a significant shift in Indonesia's religious and socio-political history. This article highlights the migration of Islamic scholars from West Sumatra to key kingdoms in the region, which contributed to the formation of new Islamic landscapes that were previously recognized only in localized contexts. The integration of Islamic teachings into local governance systems, particularly through Pangngaderreng, succeeded in establishing Islam not only as a religion but also as a foundation for state legislation. This paper examines the da’wah strategies employed by Datuk Tellue, including (1) da’wah bi al-Hal, (2) da’wah bi al-Lisan, and (3) da’wah bi al-Aqd, and their impact on cultural and political dynamics in South Sulawesi. The study reveals how Islam was interwoven with local traditions and governance structures to shape a unique Islamic identity in the region. Furthermore, the establishment of Islamic educational institutions and councils such as Parewa Sara played a critical role in ensuring the continued influence of Islam in South Sulawesi.
Islamization, Datuk Tellue, Bugis-Makassar, da’wah strategy, Pangngaderreng, Islamic governance, South Sulawesi