Analisis Tafsir Lughawi terhadap Q.S. Al-A’rāf/7: 179 melalui Pendekatan Lafaz, I‘rāb, dan Balāgah

A Linguistic Exegetical Analysis of Q.S. Al-A‘rāf/7: 179: A Study of Lexical Meaning, I‘rāb, Balāghah, and Munāsabah

Abstract

Surah Al-A‘rāf (7):179 describes the condition of humans and jinn who turn away from Allah’s guidance by neglecting the functions of the heart, eyes, and ears as the means of attaining divine guidance. The message of the verse is conveyed through a coherent linguistic structure, requiring an exegetical approach that examines not only its textual meaning but also its linguistic dimensions. This study aims to analyze the interpretation of Q.S. Al-A‘rāf (7):179 through the taḥlīlī method by examining its lexical expressions (lafẓ), grammatical structure (i‘rāb), textual coherence (munāsabah), and rhetorical features (balāghah). It also seeks to identify the reasons why humans and jinn are described as the inhabitants of Hell and to explore the lessons conveyed by the verse. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach based on library research. Primary data were obtained from classical and contemporary Qur’anic commentaries, while secondary data were collected from relevant scholarly articles. Data were analyzed using the taḥlīlī method of Qur’anic exegesis. The findings reveal that the use of the preposition lām, the repetition of the structure wa lahum, the ism al-tafḍīl form in the word aḍallu, and the rhetorical device of tashbīh collectively construct a linguistic emphasis on the consequences of neglecting the God-given capacity for guidance. Consequently, humans and jinn become the inhabitants of Hell because they fail to utilize their hearts, eyes, and ears in responding to Allah’s guidance. Furthermore, the verse underscores the importance of purifying the heart and optimizing all human faculties in fulfilling the purpose of creation. This study contributes to the development of tafsīr lughawī studies and provides a basis for further research on the concept of misguidance in the Qur’an, particularly through a mawḍū‘ī study of the term aḍallu and its lexical derivatives.