Pendelegasian Fungsi Hadhanah Anak kepada Pengasuh Pesantren dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam dan Kompilasi Hukum Islam: Studi Kasus di PIAT 6 Bondowoso
Delegation of Child Hadhanah Functions to Pesantren Caregivers in Islamic Law and Compilation of Islamic Law: PIAT 6 Bondowoso Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36701/al-qiblah.v5i6.3686Keywords:
Hadhanah, Pesantren Caregivers, Compilation of Islamic Law, Child Protection, Institutional CaregivingAbstract
The growing practice of child care within pesantren (Islamic boarding schools) has produced new dynamics in the implementation of hadhanah (child custody), particularly regarding the legal status and limits of authority of pesantren caregivers, which remain unregulated explicitly under Indonesian Islamic family law. This study analyzes the implementation of the hadhanah function by pesantren caregivers and examines their legal status, responsibilities, and limits of authority under Article 156, letter (c) of the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI). A juridical-empirical approach was employed, using a case study design at PIAT 6 Bondowoso. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation, then analyzed qualitatively using an interactive model with source triangulation to ensure validity. The findings show that pesantren caregivers have comprehensively performed the hadhanah function by meeting the students' (santri) physical, educational, spiritual, and emotional needs, alongside providing protection and character development. Juridically, caregivers act as executors of the hadhanah function under parental mandate, not as holders of hadhanah rights; their authority is thus limited to operational care while the child resides at the pesantren, while guardianship (perwalian), maintenance (nafkah), and civil relations remain vested in the parents. The study concludes that the partnership model between parents and pesantren represents a form of institutional hadhanah consistent with the principle of the best interests of the child, contributing to the development of Islamic family law and to strengthening child-friendly governance in pesantren-based care.
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