Analisis Perbandingan Metode Istinbat Mazhab Hanafi dan Mazhab Maliki dalam Masalah Khilāfiyyah (Bab Taharah)

Comparative Analysis of Legal Reasoning Methods in the Ḥanafi and Maliki Schools on Disputed Issues in the Chapter of Ṭaharah (Ritual Purification)

Authors

  • Mufadhal Institut Agama Islam STIBA Makassar, Indonesia
  • Aswanto Muhammad Takwi Hede Institut Agama Islam STIBA Makassar, Indonesia
  • Awal Rifai Institut Agama Islam STIBA Makassar, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36701/mabsuth.v2i1.2489

Keywords:

Ḥanafi School, Maliki School, legal reasoning, ṭaharah, Khilāfiyyah, Islamic jurisprudence

Abstract

This study falls within the discourse of comparative Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh muqāran), particularly analyzing the methods of legal derivation (istinbāṭ al-ḥukm) in the Ḥanafī and Mālikī schools concerning the chapter of ṭahārah (purification). The objective of this research is to examine how each school establishes legal rulings based on their respective usūl al-fiqh methodologies, identify their core differences, and reveal the jurisprudential implications in khilāfiyyah (legal disagreement). Employing a qualitative-descriptive method and library research approach, this study analyzes classical sources such as Badā’i‘ al-Ṣanā’i‘, Al-Mudawwanah, Al-Muwaṭṭa’, and foundational texts in both schools’ legal theories. The findings reveal that the Ḥanafī school adopts a rational approach grounded in qiyās and istiḥsān, while the Mālikī school emphasizes the practice of the people of Madinah (‘amal Ahl al-Madīnah) and considerations of maṣlaḥah. These differences result in divergent legal outcomes on issues such as the obligation of intention in ablution and bathing, maximum menstruation period, the timing of tayammum, and the necessity of removing impurities. This research contributes to the field of usūl al-fiqh by offering a comparative framework that aids in understanding contemporary legal disagreements within Islamic jurisprudence.

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References

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Published

2026-01-30