Transplantasi Organ Lintas Agama Perspektif Kaidah Fikih Ta‘āruḍ al-Mafsadatain
Interfaith Organ Transplantation in the Perspective of the Legal Maxim Ta‘āruḍ al-Mafsadatain
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36701/d548j964Keywords:
organ transplantation, non-Muslim donor, Muslim recipient, Islamic legal maxim, mafsadahAbstract
This study is situated within the discourse of contemporary Islamic jurisprudence, particularly the study of interfaith organ transplantation, which requires legal analysis based on considerations of maṣlaḥah and mafsadah. It aims to analyze the legal status of organ transplantation according to Muslim scholars and to examine the ruling on organ transplantation from a non-Muslim donor to a Muslim recipient from the perspective of the Islamic legal maxim of ta‘āruḍ al-mafsadatain. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method based on library research, using a normative-doctrinal approach through an examination of Islamic legal literature, contemporary scholarly fatwas, Islamic legal maxims, and regulations related to organ transplantation. The findings show that the majority of scholars permit organ transplantation when it is intended to save life or remove a state of necessity, provided that it does not cause greater harm to the donor and does not contradict Islamic legal principles. Conversely, transplantation that results in serious harm, is carried out through prohibited means, or contradicts the objectives of Islamic law is not permissible. From the perspective of the legal maxim ta‘āruḍ al-mafsadatain, interfaith organ transplantation from a non-Muslim donor to a Muslim recipient may be permitted because the mafsadah of losing life is greater than the mafsadah of receiving an organ from a non-Muslim, provided that it occurs under necessity and observes the required conditions and limitations. The contribution of this study lies in strengthening the application of Islamic legal maxims in responding to contemporary medical issues in a proportional and practical manner.
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