أبو العباس أحمد بن عبد الله محب الدين الطبري التعريف به وبيان منهجه الحديثي في كتابه (غاية الإحكام في أحاديث الأحكام):

Rachmat bin Badani Tempo

doi:10.36701/bashirah.v3i2.644

Rachmat bin Badani Tempo Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Islam dan Bahasa Arab (STIBA) Makassar

DOI: https://doi.org/10.36701/bashirah.v3i2.644

Keywords: Abu Al-Abbas Ahmed bin Abdullah Al-Tabari, Ghayat Al-Hakam, the Hadith method, Shafi’is

Abstract

This study aims to determine the author of the book of Gayah al-Iḥkām fī Aḥādīṡ al-Aḥkām, namely Abū al-'Abbās Aḥmad bin 'Abdulāh al-Ṭabārī as one of the Shafi'i scholars and to reveal his character in the field of Hadith science through a study of the hadith methodology of the book. This research is a descriptive study with an inductive methodology. The results of the study show that: first, Abū al-'Abbās Aḥmad bin 'Abdulāh al-Ṭabārī is one of the very central Syafii scholars in the Shafii school and has been widely praised by scholars; second, his expertise in the field of hadith is evident through his book, Gayah al-Iḥkām, from the following points: (1) that this book is one of the books that collects the most ahkam hadiths, and its author is among the scholars who first wrote ahkam hadith books as a whole; (2) the main purpose of writing this book is to collect the narrations of the ahkam hadith without including the sanad, so that the author includes the authentic and hasan ahkam traditions, and this is the dominant one, although sometimes he also mentions weak hadiths and very rarely does he explain their weaknesses; (3) through this book, the author's expertise on the science of hadith is seen in his attention to hadith lafaz, explanations of garib hadith, syaraḥ musykil hadith, nasikh and mansūkh, laws of hadith and so on. This book is also more perfect because of the author's attention to the views of the school's scholars and a very systematic arrangement when describing their arguments on the problem of khilafiyah. Through this research, it also appears that the author mentions a lot of information that we don't have today..

References

`Abd al-Ḥay bin Aḥmad bin Muḥammad bin al-`Ammād al-`Akrī al-Ḥanbalī, Abū al-Fallāḥ. Syażarāt al-Żahab fī Akhbār man Zahaba.

`Abdu al-raḥmān bin ‘abdi al-salām al-ṣufūrī. Nuzhah al-majālis wa muntakhab al-nafā’is Nuzhah al-majālis wa muntakhab al-nafā’is. Al-nāsyir: al-maṭba’ah al-kāsitliyyah - miṣr. ‘ām al-nasyr: 1283.

`Abdullāh bin sa’īd bin muḥammad ‘ibādī al-laḥjī al-ḥaḍramī al-syaḥārī, ṡumma al-marāwi’ī, ṡumma al-makkī. Muntahā al-su’ul alā wasā’il al-wuṣūl ilā syamā’il al-rasūl ṣallallāhu ‘alaihi wa ālihi wa sallam. Al-nāsyir: dār al-minhāj – jiddah. al-ṭab’ah al-ṡāliṡah, 2005.

Abū Bakr Muḥammad bin al-Ḥusain bin Abdillāh al-Ājurrī al-Bagdādī. Al-muḥaqqiq: `Abdullāh bin `Umar bin Sulaimān al-Damījī. Al-syarī’ah.

Abū bakr bin Aḥmad bin Muḥammad bin `Umar al-Asadī al-Syahbī al-Damasyqī, Taqī al-Dīn bin Qāḍī Syuhbah. Ṭabaqāt al-Syāfi’iyyah Ṭabaqāt al-Syāfi’iyyah. Al-muḥaqqiq: Al-Ḥāfiẓ `Abd al-`Alīm khān. Dār al-nasyr: ‘ālam al-kutub – bairūt. al-ṭab’ah al-ūlā, 1407.

Abū al-fidā’ ismā’īl bin ‘umar bin kaṡīr al-qurasyī al-baṣrī ṡumma al-damasyqī. Taḥqīq: al-duktūr aḥmad ‘umar hāsyim, al-duktūr muḥammad zainuhum muḥammad ‘uzb. Ṭabaqāt al-syāfi’iyyīn ṭabaqāt al-syāfi’iyyīn. Al-nāsyir: maktabah al-ṡaqāfah al-dīniyyah, 1993.

Abū al-Fidā’ Ismā`īl bin `Umar bin Kaṡīr al-Qurasyī al-Baṣrī al-Dimasyqī. Al-Bidāyah wa al-Nihāyah. Dār al-Fikr, 1986.

Abū Ḥafṣ, Zain al-Dīn al-Wardī al-Ma`rī al-Kindī. Tārīkh Ibn al-Wardī `Umar bin Maẓfar bin `Umar bin Muḥammad bin Abī al-Fawāris. Dār al-Kutub al-`Ilmiyyah. Libnān, al-Ṭab`ah al-Ūlā. 1996.

Abū muḥammad ‘afīf al-dīn ‘abdullā bin as’ad bin ‘alī bin sulaimān al-yāfi’ī. Mir’āh al-jinān Mir’āh al-jinān wa ‘ibrah al-yaqẓān fī ma’rifah mā yu’tabar min ḥawādiṡ al-zamān. Al-nāsyir: dār al-kutub al-‘ilmiyyah, bairūt – libnān. al-ṭab’ah al-ūlā, 1997.

Ḥusain bin gannām (aw ibn abī bakr bin gannām) al-najdī al-aḥsā’ī al-mālikī. Al-‘aqdu al-ṡamīn li al-fāsī Al-‘aqdu al-ṡamīn fī syarḥ aḥādīṡ usūl al-dīn. Al-nāsyir: fahrasah maktabah al-malik fahd al-waṭaniyyah. al-ṭab’ah al-ūlā, 1423/2003. Al-muḥaqqiq: muḥammad bin ‘abdillah al-hibdān.

Ibrāhīm bin Ibrāhīm bin Ḥasan al-Laqānī, Abū al-Imdād Burhān al-Dīn al-Mālikī. Bahjah al-Maḥāfil wa Bugyah al-Amāṡil Bahjah al-Maḥāfil wa Ajmal al-Wasāil bi al-Ta`rīf bī Ruwāt al-Syamāil. Dirāsah wa Taḥqīq: Syādī bin Muḥammad bin Sālim āl-Nu`mān. Markaz al-Nu`mān lī al-Buḥūṡ wa al-Dirāsāt al-Islāmiyyah wa Taḥqīq al-Turāṡ wa al-Tarjamah, al-Yaman. Al-Ṭab’ah: al-Ūlā, 2011.

Ibrāhīm bin muḥammad bin maḥmud bin badr, burhān al-dīn, abū isḥāq al-ḥalbī al-qabībātī al-syāfi’ī al-nājī. taḥqīq wa dirāsah: al-duktūr Ibrāhīm bin hammād al-rais, al-duktūr muḥammad bin ‘abdillāh bin ‘alī al-qannāṣ. `Ujālah al-imlā’ al-mutayassirah min al-tażnīb. ‘alā mā waqa’a li al-ḥāfiẓ al-munżirī min al-wahm wa gairihi fī kitābihi al-targīb wa al-tarhīb. Al-nāsyir: maktabah al-ma’ārif li al-nasyr wa al-tauzī’, riyāḍ, al-ṭab’ah al-ūlā, 1999.

Ismā’īl bin muḥammad amīn bin mīr salīm al-bābānī al-bagdādī. Hadiyyah al-‘ārifīn Hadiyyah al-‘ārifīn asmā al-muallifīn wa āṡār al-muṣannifīn. Al-nāsyir: ṭaba’a bi ‘ināyah wakālah al-ma’ārif al-jalīlah fī maṭba’atihā al-bahiyyah istānbūl 1951.

Muḥammad bin muḥammad bin `Abd al-Razzāq al-Ḥusainī al-Zabīdī. Tāj al-`Arūs min Jawāhir al-Qāmūs. Al-Muḥaqqiq: Majmū`ah min al-Muḥaqqiqīn. Dār al-Hidāyah.

Muḥammad Amīn bin Faḍlillāh bin Muḥib al-Dīn bin Muḥammad al-Muḥibbī al-Ḥamawī al-Aṣl, al-Dimasyqī. Khulāṣah al-Aṡar fī A`ayān al-Qarn al-Ḥādī `Asyr. Dār Ṣādir, bairūt.

Muḥammad bin ‘umar bin muḥammad, abū abdillāh, muḥib al-dīn ibn rasyīd al-fahrī al-sabtī. Taqdīm wa taḥqīq: muḥammad al-ḥabīb ibn al-khaujah. Mil’u al-‘aibah li ibni rasyīd al-fahrī Mil’u al-‘aibah bimā jumi’a bi ṭūl al-gaibah fī al-wajhah al-wajīhah ilā al-ḥaramain makkah wa ṭaibah. Al-nāsyir: dār al-garb al-islāmī, bairūt – libnān. al-ṭab’ah al-ūlā, 1988.

Muḥammad bin Aḥmad bin `Alī Taqī al-Dīn Abū al-Ṭayyib al-Makkī al-Ḥasanī al-Fāsī. Al-muḥaqqiq: Kamāl Yūsuf al-Ḥūt. Żail al-Taqyīd lī al-Fāsī Żail al-Taqyīd fī Ruwāh al-Sunan wa al-Asānīd. Dār al-Kutub al-`Ilmiyyah. Bairūt – Lubnān. Al-Ṭab`ah al-Ūlā, 1990.

Muṣṭafā bin ‘abdillāh kātib jalbī al-qasṭanṭīnī al-masyhūr bi ism ḥājī khalīfah aw al- ḥāj khalifah. Kasyf al-ẓunūn Kasyf al-ẓunūn ‘an usāmī al-kutub wa al-funūn. Al-nāsyir: maktabah al-muṡannā – bagdād. Tārīkh al-nasyr: 1941.

Ṣadr al-Dīn Muḥammad bin `alā’ al-Dīn `Alī bin Muḥammad bin Abī al-`Izz al-Ḥanafī, al-DImasyqī. Syarḥ al-`Aqīdah al-Ṭaḥāwiyyah. Taḥqīq: Jamā`ah min al-`Ulamā’, Takhrīj: Nāṣir al-Dīn al-Albānī. Dār al-Salām. Al-Ṭab`ah AL-Ūlā al-Miṣriyyah, 2005.

Syams al-dīn abū abdillāh muḥammad bin aḥmad bin ‘uṡmān bin faimāz al-żahabī. Al-muḥaqqiq: abū hājir muḥammad al-sa’īd bin basūnī zaglūl. Al-‘ibar fī khabri man gabar Al-‘ibar fī khabri man gabar. Al-nāsyir: dār al-kutub al-‘ilmiyyah – bairūt,

Syams al-Dīn Abū `Abdillāh Muḥammad bin Aḥmad bin `Uṡmān bin Qaimāz al-Żahabī. Taẓkirah al-Ḥuffāẓ. Dār al-Kutub al-`Ilmiyyah. Bairūt – Lubnān. Al-Ṭab`ah al-Ūlā, 1998.

Syams al-Dīn abū `Abdillāh Muḥammad bin Aḥmad bin `Uṡmān bin Qaimāz al-Żahabī. Tārīkh al-Islām wa Wafayāt al-Masyāhīr wa al-I’lām. Al-Maktabah al-Taufīqiyyah.

Syams al-dīn abū abdillāh muḥammad bin aḥmad bin ‘uṡmān bin faimāz al-żahabī. taḥqīq: al-duktūr muḥammad al-ḥabīb al-hīlah. Al-mu’jam al-mukhtaṣ bi al-muḥaddiṡīn Al-mu’jam al-mukhtaṣ bi al-muḥaddiṡīn. Al-nāsyir: maktabah al-ṣadīq, al-ṭā’if. al-ṭab’ah al-ūlā, 1408/1988.

Tāj al-dīn `Abdu al-Wahhāb bin Taqī al-Dīn al-Subkī. Al-Muḥaqqiq: Maḥmūd bin Muḥammad al-Ṭanāḥī wa `Abd al-Fattāḥ Muḥammad al-Ḥulw. Ṭabaqāt al-Syāfi`iyyah al-Kubrā. Dār al-Ḥijr lī al-Ṭibā’ah wa al-Nasyr wa al-Tauzī`. Al-Ṭab`ah al-Ṡāniyah, 1413.

Taqī al-dīn abū al-‘abbās aḥmad bin ‘abdi al-ḥalīm bin taimiyyah. Al-muḥaqqiq: abū muḥammad asyraf bin ‘abdi al-maqṣūd. Al-‘aqīdah al-wāsitiyyah Al-‘aqīdah al-wāsitiyyah: I’tiqād al-firqah al-nājiyah al-manṣūrah ilā qiyām al-sā’ah ahlu al-sunnah wa al-jamā’ah. Al-nāsyir: aḍwā’ al-salaf - riyāḍ. Al-ṭab’ah al-ṡāniyah, 1999.

`Umar bin riḍā bin muḥammad rāgib bin ‘abdi al-ganī kuḥālah al-dimasyq. Mu’jam al-muallifīn Mu’jam al-muallifīn. Al-nāsyir: maktabah al-muṡannā – bairūt, dār iḥyā al-turāṡ al-‘arabī bairūt.

Yūsuf bin tagrī bardī bin ‘abdillāh al-ẓāhirī al-ḥanafī, abū al-maḥāsin, jamāl al-dīn. ḥaqqaqahu wa waḍa’a ḥawāsyiahu: al-duktūr muḥammad muḥammad amīn. Al-manhal al-ṣāfī wa al-mustaufā ba’da al-wāfī. Al-nāsyir: al-hai’ah al-miṣriyyah al-‘āmmah li al-kitāb.

Yūsuf bin tagrī bardī bin ‘abdillāh al-ẓāhirī al-ḥanafī, abū al-maḥāsin, jamāl al-dīn. Al-nujūm al-zāhirah Al-nujūm al-zāhirah fī mulūk miṣr wa al-qāhirah. Al-nāsyir: wizārah al-ṡaqāfah wa al-irsyād al-qaumī, dār al-kutub, miṣr.