Keabsahan Taharah atas Pasien Kateterisasi Urin dalam Perspektif Fikih Ibadah

The Validity of Purification (Ṭahārah) for Urinary Catheterized Patients from The Perspective of Islamic Jurisprudence of Worship (Fiqh al-‘Ibādah)

Abstract

This study examines the validity of taharah (ritual purification) for urinary catheterization patients from the perspective of fiqh al-'ibadah (jurisprudence of worship), addressing two issues: first, the condition of catheterized patients and their medical management; second, the mechanism of taharah for such patients and its legal implementation in fiqh al-'ibadah. Employing library research with normative and medical approaches, data were analyzed deductively. The results show that urinary catheterization is a nursing procedure involving insertion of a catheter into the bladder through the urethra to assist elimination and obtain examination specimens, particularly for patients unable to control urination, experiencing obstruction, or in an unstable hemodynamic condition; catheters are distinguished as temporary or indwelling. The taharah mechanism likewise differs by catheter type. Users of temporary (straight) catheters perform taharah as healthy people with hadas (ritual impurity) do, repeating it once the continuous impurity has ended. Users of indwelling (Foley) catheters, however, are classified as ma'dhur (persons with a chronic excuse) and thus receive a rukhsah (dispensation): performing wudu with the intention of istibahah (permissibility) at the start of each obligatory prayer time, with taharah remaining valid unless another nullifier of wudu occurs. This study has academic implications in enriching Islamic scholarship on taharah for urinary catheter users and serving as a reference for similar research, as well as practical implications as a guide for patients, medical personnel, and religious leaders in addressing and resolving issues of purification and prayer among urinary catheter users.