Studi Komparatif Pandangan Empat Mazhab Fikih Tentang Hukum Membaca Mushaf dalam Salat Berjemaah
A Comparative Jurisprudential Analysis of the Four Sunni Schools on the Ruling of Reciting from the Muṣḥaf in Congregational Prayer
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36701/mabsuth.v1i3.2426Keywords:
Comparative, Four Sunni Schools, Mushaf, Congregational PrayerAbstract
This study aims to examine the perspectives of the four major schools of Islamic jurisprudence regarding the ruling on reading the muṣḥaf (physical copy of the Qur'an) during congregational prayer, as well as to analyze the differences and similarities among these schools. This research employs a qualitative method focused on library research with a normative and comparative approach. The findings indicate that the majority of schools permit reading from the muṣḥaf during voluntary (sunnah) prayers, but they differ in their views concerning obligatory (farḍ) prayers. The Hanafi school holds that reading from the muṣḥaf invalidates the prayer, whether it is obligatory or voluntary, due to the additional movements that may disrupt the form of worship. The Maliki school considers it makrūh (discouraged) in obligatory prayers but permits it in voluntary prayers under certain conditions. The Shāfiʿī school allows reading from the muṣḥaf in all types of prayers, while the Ḥanbalī school generally permits it in voluntary prayers, although some Ḥanbalī scholars deem it makrūh in obligatory prayers. These findings demonstrate that the ruling on reading from the muṣḥaf during prayer is an issue of ijtihād (scholarly reasoning) and falls under furūʿiyyah (subsidiary matters), which are open to scholarly disagreement. This study is expected to provide a moderate and practical understanding for Muslims in choosing legal opinions that align with their circumstances, memorization abilities, and the needs of congregational prayer, while maintaining the integrity and completeness of worship in accordance with Islamic law.
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