Hukum Pengambilan Harta Wasiat Dalam Kasus Ketidakcukupan Keluarga Menurut Fikih Mawaris

The Law of Taking Bequeathed Property in Cases of Family Insufficiency According to Fiqh Mawaris

Authors

  • Fadli Deef Institut Agama Islam STIBA Makassar, Indonesia
  • Khaerul Aqbar Institut Agama Islam STIBA Makassar, Indonesia
  • Muhammad Rezky Fauzy Institut Agama Islam STIBA Makassar, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36701/mabsuth.v2i1.2612

Keywords:

Law, wills, family inheritance, Islamic inheritance laws, wills of will

Abstract

This study examines the legal provisions concerning the distribution or reduction of bequest assets (wasiyyah) in situations of family financial insufficiency through a library research method, utilizing classical fiqh texts as primary sources along with supporting secondary literature. The study employs a normative approach combined with content analysis to explore the views of Islamic scholars. The findings reveal that the distribution or reduction of bequest assets due to the heirs’ economic hardship is not justified according to Islamic law (sharī‘ah) after the testator’s death. In such circumstances, the execution of the bequest must be carried out fully according to Islamic legal provisions, as long as it does not exceed one-third of the total estate. The bequest cannot be canceled or reduced after the testator’s death solely on the grounds of the heirs’ poverty. The responsibility to safeguard the rights of vulnerable heirs lies with the testator during their lifetime before deciding on the bequest. This study is expected to enrich the body of knowledge in the field of Islamic inheritance law (fiqh al-mawārith), particularly regarding the implementation of bequests, and to serve as an academic reference in studies of Islamic law, inheritance, and bequests. Practically, this research can provide guidance for legal practitioners, sharia judges, and the general public in resolving inheritance and bequest disputes, especially in cases where heirs face economic hardship. Furthermore, this study aims to offer fairer and more beneficial solutions in inheritance distribution and serve as a valuable contribution to policy-making regarding the implementation of bequests and the protection of heirs’ rights in situations of economic difficulty, in line with the principles of justice and maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah.

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Ismail, Ilham. "Wasiat kepada Ahli Waris: Studi Komparatif Pasal 195 Kompilasi Hukum Islam Dengan Hukum Islam." Skripsi, 2011.

Situs Dan Sumber Online:

https://www.islamweb.net/ar/fatwa/129198

https://www.islamweb.net/ar/fatwa/481114

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Published

2026-01-30