Aktualisasi Kaidah Iżā Ta’āraḍa Mafsadatān Rū’iya A’ẓamuha Ḍararan bī Irtikābi Akhaffihimā Pada Aborsi Bagi Kehamilan Ektopik
Actualization of the Legal Maxim Iżā Ta’āraḍa Mafsadatān Rū’iya A’ẓamuha Ḍararan bī Irtikābi Akhaffihimā in the Case of Abortion Due to Ectopic Pregnancy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36701/muntaqa.v1i1.2381Keywords:
Actualization, Rules, Abortion, Pregnancy, EctopicAbstract
Ectopic pregnancy is an abnormal pregnancy that occurs outside the uterus and can endanger the mother's life. Its treatment often involves abortion, which is originally prohibited in Islam, thereby creating ethical and legal dilemmas. This study applies the fiqh maxim iẓā ta’āraḍat al-mafsadatān rūʿiya aʿẓamuhumā ḍararan bi irtikābi akhaffihimā as the basis for determining the Islamic ruling on abortion in the case of ectopic pregnancy. The objective of this research is to examine the medical management of ectopic pregnancy and to analyze the Islamic legal perspective on abortion using the aforementioned fiqh principle. This study adopts a descriptive-qualitative approach with a normative method through library research of fiqh texts, scholars' opinions, and medical literature. The findings indicate that abortion in ectopic pregnancy falls under therapeutic abortion, conducted through medication or surgery as recommended in medical practice. The application of the maxim iẓā ta‘āraḍat al-mafsadatān rūʿiya a‘ẓamuhumā ḍararan bi irtikābi akhaffihimā in this case shows that therapeutic abortion is permissible in Islamic law to prevent greater harm (the mother's death) by committing a lesser harm (terminating a nonviable fetus). This aligns with the objectives of the Shariah in preserving life (ḥifẓ al-nafs). This research contributes to contemporary Islamic legal studies by examining the practical application of fiqh maxims in critical medical conditions, which may not be extensively discussed in classical fiqh literature.
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