Pengembalian Barang Curian yang Berubah Sifatnya Perspektif Hukum Islam
The Return of Stolen Property That Has Changed in Nature: An Islamic Law Perspective
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36701/muntaqa.v1i2.2437Keywords:
Islamic Criminal Law, Restitution of Stolen Property, TransformationAbstract
This study examines the return of stolen goods that have undergone a change in nature (istihālah) from the perspective of Islamic law. In Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh), istihālah refers to a fundamental transformation of an object that affects its legal status. Scholars differ in their opinions on the obligation to return or compensate for stolen goods that have changed, focusing on the degree of transformation. This research employs a descriptive qualitative approach with a normative method, analyzing Islamic legal sources such as the Qur’an, Hadith, legal maxims (qawāʿid fiqhiyyah), and the opinions of scholars from the four major schools of thought. It is then analyzed comparatively by examining differences in the application of law across various times and contexts. The study is guided by the research questions: (1) What is the Islamic legal view regarding the return of stolen goods that have changed in nature? and (2) What are the legal consequences for a thief who returns stolen goods in Islamic criminal law? The findings show that the four schools of thought agree that the ḥadd punishment applies if the legal requirements are met, even when the stolen item has changed in form. The thief remains obligated to compensate the value of the item and may receive taʿzīr as a form of justice and deterrence. This reflects the flexibility of Islamic law in addressing complex cases of theft in the modern era. The study aims to enrich the body of literature in fiqh muʿāmalah and jināyāt, particularly regarding the legal framework for returning altered stolen property and the corresponding rights and responsibilities of ownership in Islamic law.
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