Penggunaan Teknologi CRISPR-Cas9 dalam Uji Coba Manusia Berdasarkan Tinjauan Kaidah Fikih al-Ḍarar Lā Yuzālu bi al-Ḍarar

The Use of CRISPR-Cas9 Technology in Human Trials Based on The Islamic Legal Maxim al-Ḍarar Lā Yuzālu bi al-Ḍarar

Authors

  • Azzah Nurul Ulya Kamaruddin Institut Agama Islam STIBA Makasar
  • Fauziah Ramdani Institut Agama Islam STIBA Makasar
  • Muttazimah Institut Agama Islam STIBA Makasar

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36701/muntaqa.v1i3.2450

Keywords:

crispr-cas9, somatic editing, germline editing, islamic bioethics, qawāʿid fiqhiyyah

Abstract

CRISPR-Cas9 technology has opened a new horizon in the treatment of genetic disorders through precise and potentially curative gene editing. However, its application in humans raises significant ethical, legal, and spiritual dilemmas, particularly within the framework of Islamic law. This study aims to establish a normative framework for evaluating CRISPR-Cas9 interventions using Islamic legal maxims, focusing on the principle of al-Ḍarar lā yuzālu bi al-Ḍarar (harm may not be eliminated by introducing another harm). Using a qualitative-descriptive method based on library research with a normative approach, the study analyzes both classical and contemporary sources, including fiqh literature, international fatwas, global bioethics documents, and recent scientific publications on CRISPR. The findings suggest that the use of CRISPR-Cas9 in somatic gene editing may be permitted under Islamic law in cases of necessity (ḍarūrah), provided the harm is individual (ḍarar khāṣ), temporary, and performed under responsible medical supervision. In contrast, the use of CRISPR-Cas9 in germline editing, which is transgenerational and affects not only the individual but also future generations (ḍarar ʿāmm), permanent (mustamirr), and lacks sufficient scientific evidence or representative clinical trials, is deemed inappropriate for application. This study offers a model for classifying ḍarar based on scale, duration, and necessity, serving as an analytical tool for Islamic legal evaluation of contemporary bioethical issues. The main contribution of this study lies in strengthening fiqh methodology in responding to biotechnological dynamics by comprehensively integrating scientific reasoning, moral responsibility, and spiritual awareness.

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Published

2025-11-28

How to Cite

Penggunaan Teknologi CRISPR-Cas9 dalam Uji Coba Manusia Berdasarkan Tinjauan Kaidah Fikih al-Ḍarar Lā Yuzālu bi al-Ḍarar: The Use of CRISPR-Cas9 Technology in Human Trials Based on The Islamic Legal Maxim al-Ḍarar Lā Yuzālu bi al-Ḍarar. (2025). AL-MUNTAQA: Jurnal Studi Islam Dan Bahasa Arab, 1(3), 858-882. https://doi.org/10.36701/muntaqa.v1i3.2450