Batasan Interaksi Suami-istri dan Konsekuensi Hukumnya dalam Kasus Zihar (Analisis Perbandingan Mazhab)

The Boundaries of Husband-Wife Interaction and Legal Consequences in the Case of Zihar A (Comparative Analysis of Madhabs)

Authors

  • Nur Zelika Harfiati Institut Agama Islam STIBA Makassar, Indonesia
  • Farida Aprianti Institut Agama Islam STIBA Makassar, Indonesia
  • Asnawati Patuti Institut Agama Islam STIBA Makassar, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36701/muntaqa.v2i1.2454

Keywords:

Islamic Lawi, Marital Interaction, Kafarat, School of Thought Comparison, Zihar

Abstract

Zihar is a husband's declaration likening his wife to a woman who is permanently unlawful to him (maḥram), such as his mother. In Islamic law, this statement is not considered a form of divorce but carries serious legal consequences. Once zihar is pronounced, the husband is prohibited from having any physical interaction with his wife until he fulfills the kaffārah (expiation) prescribed by Islamic law. This study aims to examine the boundaries of marital interaction and the legal consequences following a zihar statement, based on the perspectives of the four Sunni schools of jurisprudence: Ḥanafi, Maliki, Shāfi‘ī, and Ḥanbalī. In addition, this research explores the understanding of zihar within each school. The study employs a qualitative descriptive method using a normative approach and literature review. Data are collected from the Qur'an, hadiths, classical jurisprudential texts, and other scholarly references. The analysis is conducted through both inductive and deductive reasoning. The findings show that all four schools agree on the prohibition of zihar and the obligation to pay kaffārah before the husband may resume marital relations. However, they differ in defining the limits of physical restriction: the Ḥanafī and Mālikī schools prohibit all forms of sexual pleasure, while the Shāfi‘ī and Ḥanbalī schools only prohibit intercourse. This research contributes significantly to a deeper understanding of zihar in Islamic law and serves as a guide for Muslim communities in upholding marital dignity and communication in accordance with Islamic principles .

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Published

2026-01-30

How to Cite

Batasan Interaksi Suami-istri dan Konsekuensi Hukumnya dalam Kasus Zihar (Analisis Perbandingan Mazhab): The Boundaries of Husband-Wife Interaction and Legal Consequences in the Case of Zihar A (Comparative Analysis of Madhabs). (2026). AL-MUNTAQA: Jurnal Studi Islam Dan Bahasa Arab, 2(1), 221-248. https://doi.org/10.36701/muntaqa.v2i1.2454