Hukum Berwasiat Lebih dari Sepertiga Harta dalam Kasus Seseorang Tanpa Ahli Waris (Studi Komparatif Mazhab Hanafi dan Mazhab Syafii)

The Law of Bequething More Than One-Third of Wealth in the Case of a Person Without Heirs (A Comparative Study of the Hanafi and Syafii Schools of Thought)

Authors

  • Muhammad Akram Institut Agama Islam STIBA Makassar, Indonesia
  • Ariesman M. Institut Agama Islam STIBA Makassar, Indonesia
  • Muhammad Harsya Bachtiar Institut Agama Islam STIBA Makassar, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36701/muntaqa.v2i1.2493

Keywords:

Bequest, One-Third of the Estaate, Heirs, Hanafi School of Thought, Syafii School of Thought

Abstract

A will (waṣiyyah), in its implementation, is governed by several stipulations. One of them is that a person is not permitted to bequeath more than one-third of their wealth if they have heirs and those heirs do not give their consent. However, in certain cases where a person has no heirs at all, a question arises: does the one-third limitation still apply? This study aims to explore the views of the Hanafi and Shafi'i schools of thought on the ruling of bequeathing more than one-third of one's estate in the absence of heirs, and to analyze the comparative outcomes between the two schools on this matter. This journal adopts a qualitative descriptive method through library research, using a normative juridical and comparative approach. The findings of this study indicate that the Hanafi school permits an individual to bequeath more than one-third of their wealth when they have no heirs, on the basis that the reason for the one-third limitation is to preserve the rights of the heirs. Therefore, in the absence of heirs, it is permissible to exceed that limit. In contrast, the Shafi'i school maintains that the one-third restriction remains applicable whether or not heirs are present, based on the general implication of the ḥadīth of Sa‘d. This study contributes to the development of knowledge in the field of Islamic jurisprudence and comparative madhhab studies, particularly in matters related to wills.

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Published

2026-01-30

How to Cite

Hukum Berwasiat Lebih dari Sepertiga Harta dalam Kasus Seseorang Tanpa Ahli Waris (Studi Komparatif Mazhab Hanafi dan Mazhab Syafii): The Law of Bequething More Than One-Third of Wealth in the Case of a Person Without Heirs (A Comparative Study of the Hanafi and Syafii Schools of Thought). (2026). AL-MUNTAQA: Jurnal Studi Islam Dan Bahasa Arab, 2(1), 44-63. https://doi.org/10.36701/muntaqa.v2i1.2493