Analisis Maqāṣid al-Syarī'ah Terhadap Fatwa MUI tentang Kewajiban Zakat Bagi YouTuber dan Selebgram
An Analysis of Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah on the Fatwa of the Indonesian Council of Ulama Regarding the Obligation of Zakat for YouTubers and Instagram Influencers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36701/muntaqa.v2i2.3268Keywords:
Instagram Influencer, Maqāṣid al-Sharī'ah, MUI Fatwa, Professional Zakat, YouTuberAbstract
Abstract
This study aims to describe the substance of MUI Fatwa No. 04/Ijtima' Ulama/VIII/2024 on zakat obligations for YouTubers and Instagram influencers, and to analyze it through the Maqāṣid al-Sharī'ah framework. It departs from the emergence of high-income digital professions not explicitly addressed in classical Islamic jurisprudence. The research employs a qualitative method using library research and a normative approach. Two key findings emerge: first, the fatwa categorizes digital income from Google AdSense, endorsements, paid partnerships, and affiliate marketing as māl mustafād subject to zakat, with a nisab of 85 grams of gold, a 2.5% rate, and the condition that the business object does not contradict Islamic principles; second, the Maqāṣid al-Sharī'ah analysis reveals that the fatwa aligns with all five ḍarūriyyāt elements most prominently ḥifẓ al-māl as a wealth redistribution instrument, ḥifẓ al-nafs through disbursement to eligible recipients, ḥifẓ al-dīn by upholding zakat in the digital era, ḥifẓ al-'aql by encouraging beneficial content, and ḥifẓ al-nasl through generational welfare investment and proportionally reflects the principles of al-maṣlaḥah, 'adl, and tawāzun. This study contributes to contemporary zakat jurisprudence by offering a Maqāṣid al-Sharī'ah evaluative framework for fatwa in the digital economy, while providing practical guidance for zakat institutions and Muslim content creators.
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