Mental Diseases According to Hamka and the Methods of Treatment (A Review of Hamka's Tasawuf Modern Book)

  • Imroatul Istiqomah Universitas Darussalam Gontor
  • Fikri Hidayatul Rukmana Universitas Darussalam Gontor
  • Muhammad Shohibul Mujtaba Universitas Darussalam Gontor
Keywords: Hamka, Mental, Mental Diseases, Tadzkiyatu al-Nafs

Abstract

This study aims to answer the challenges of modern psychology with Hamka's soul theory in his book Tasawuf Modern. This is a qualitative study conducted at a library that analyzes data using descriptive analytical methods, psychological and Sufi approaches, and deductive-inductive techniques. The findings of this study are: first, the definition and characterization of a healthy soul according to Hamka and its hierarchy. Second, according to Hamka, mental illness is in the form of ghadab, takabbur, khauf and huzn and their triggers. Third, the treatment of mental illness is by coaching the soul through tadzkiatu al-nafs externally, namely: 1) associating with good people, 2) getting used to thinking, 3) maintaining lust, 4) working regularly, 5) self-introspection. And internally, namely sincerity, gratitude, asceticism, resignation and qana'ah. From this research we can understand that mental health is the influence of the purity of the soul through the education of the mind and heart externally and internally.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abdussamad, Zuchri. Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. Syakir media press, 2021.

Aisyah. “Dampak Negatif Pergaulan Bebas Terhadap Generasi Muda Menurut Tinjauan Pendidik Islam.” UIN Alauddin Makassar, 2013.

Al-Ghazali, Abu Hamid Muhammad bin Muhammad. Ihya ’Ulum Al-Din Juz 4. Beirut: Dar el-Ma’rifah, n.d.

Al-Jauziah, Ibnu Qayyim. Madariju Al-Salikin. Beirut: dar el-kitab al-’araby, 1996.

Al-Razi. Al-Hawi Fi Al-Thib. Beirut: Dar el-Ihya’ al-’Araby, 2002.

Al-Razi, Fakhruddin. Mafatihu Al-Ghaib. Beirut: Dar el-Ihya al-Turats al-’Arabi, 1420.

Alfaiz, and Dkk. “Pendekatan Tazkiyatun An-Nafs Untuk Membantu Mengurangi Emosi Negatif Klien.” Counsellia: Jurnal Bimbingan Dan Konseling 9, no. 1 (2019): 65. https://doi.org/10.25273/counsellia.v9i1.4300.

Anshari. Instituta Mind Medicine for Healty Body-Mind-Spirit; Seni Membajak Energi Jiwa Untuk Kesehatan Fisik Dan Mental. Banjarmasin: Muhammadiyah Banjarmasin Press, 2020.

Arroisi, Jarman. “Spiritual Healing Dalam Tradisi Sufi.” Tsaqafah 14, no. 2 (December 2018). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.2.3388.1091-c.

Arroisi, Jarman, Iqbal Maulana Alfiansyah, and Martin Putra Perdana. “Psikologi Modern Perspektif Malik Badri (Analisis Kritis Atas Paradigma Psikoanalisa Dan Behaviourisme).” Al-Qalb : Jurnal Psikologi Islam 12, no. 1 (2021): 1–13.

Azizah, Nur, and Miftahul Jannah. “Spiritual Masyarakat Modern Dalam Tasawuf Buya Hamka.” Academic Journal of Islamic Principles and Philosophy 7170 (2022).

Bakar, Usman Abu. “Analisis Hubungan Sufisme, Psikoterapi, Dan Kesehatan Spiritual.” Madania 20, no. 2 (2016): 161–68.

Baqi, Safiruddin Al. “Ekspresi Emosi Marah.” Buletin Psikologi 23, no. 1 (2015): 22. https://doi.org/10.22146/bpsi.10574.

Catania, A. Charles. “Pavlov and Skinner: Two Lives in Science (an Introduction To B. F. Skinner’S ‘Some Responses To the Stimulus “Pavlov”’).” Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior 72, no. 3 (1999): 455–61. https://doi.org/10.1901/jeab.1999.72-455.

Darnoto, and Hesti Tryana. “Pergaulan Bebas Remaja Di Era Milenial Menurut Perspektif Pendidikan Agama Islam.” Tarbawy 17, no. 1 (2020).

Dewi, Subhani Kusuma, and M. Johan Nasrul Huda. “Dikotomi Paradigma Psikologi Islami ; Studi Kasus Sejarah Integrasi Antara Ilmu Dan Islam Di Indonesia.” In AICIS XII, 1978–96, n.d.

Endriyani, Sri. “Gangguan Mental Emosional Dan Depresi Pada Remaja.” Healthcare Nursing Journal 4, no. 2 (2022): 429–34.

Fabriar, Silvia Riskha. “Agama, Modernitas Dan Mentalitas: Implikasi Konsep Qana’ah Hamka Terhadap Kesehatan Mental.” MUHARRIK: Jurnal Dakwah Dan Sosial 3, no. 02 (2020): 227–43. https://doi.org/10.37680/muharrik.v3i02.465.

Fathuddin, Muhammad Habib, and Fachrur Razi Amir. “Konsep Tazkiyatun Nafs Menurut Ibnu Qoyyim Al Jauziyah Dalam Kitab Madarijus Shalikin Serta Implikasinya Terhadap Pendidikan.” Ta’dibi 5, no. 2 (2016): 117–27.

Fuadi. “Refleksi Pemikiran Hamka Tentang Metode Mendapatkan Kebahagiaan.” Substantia 20, no. April (2018): 17–34.

Goleman, Daniel. Working With Emotional Intellegence. 3rd ed. New York: Bantam Dell, 2019.

Hafiz, Subhan El. “Tawaran Konsep Jiwa Menurut HAMKA: Kajian Psikologi Islami.” Jurnal Ilmiah Penelitian Psikologi 5, no. 1 (2019): 45–54.

Hamka. Falsafah Hidup, Memecahkan Rahasia Kehidupan Berdasarkan Tuntutan Al-Qur’an Dan Sunnah. Jakarta: Republika, 1940.

———. Keadilan Sosial Dalam Islam. Jakarta: Widjaya, 1951.

———. Lembaga Budi. 10th ed. Vol. 7. Jakarta: Pustaka Panjimas, 2001.

———. Lembaga Budi Menegakkan Budi, Mengembangkan Jati Diri Berdasarkan Tuntunan Al-Qur’an Dan Hadist. Jakarta: Republika, 1941.

———. Renungan Tasawuf. Edited by D. Sirajudin AR. 1st ed. Jakarta, 1985.

———. Sejarah Islam Di Sumatera. Medan: Pustaka Nasional, 1950.

———. Tafsir Al-Azhar Jilid 1. 4th ed. Singapura: Perpustakaan Nasional Pte Ltd, 2001.

———. Tasawuf Dari Abad Ke Abad. 1st ed. Jakarta: Pustaka Keluarga, 1952.

———. Tasawuf Modern. Edited by Muh. Iqbal Santosa. 18th ed. Jakarta: Republika, 2015.

———. Tasawuf Perkembangan Dan Pemurnian. 7th ed. Bandung: Yayasan Nurul Islam, 1978.

Handayani, Chikal, and Retno Kumolohadi. “Hubungan Antara Berfikir Positif Dan Healthrelated Quality of Life Pada ODHA.” Yogyakarta, 2017.

Hasiah. “Mengintip Perilaku Sombong Dalam Al-Qur’an.” Jurnal El-Qanuny 4 (2018): 185–200.

Hendricks, Lavelle, and Guy Morriss. “The Effects of Anger on the Brain and Body” 2, no. 1 (2013): 1–12.

Humaidi. Paradigma Sains Integratif Al-Farabi. Jakarta Selatan: Sadra Press, 2015.

Husin. “Mengkaji Dan Menganalisis Quantum Ikhlas Oleh Erbe Sentanu.” Al-Falah 18, no. 2 (2018): 248–53.

Ilham, Muh. “Konsep Zuhud Dalam Pemikiran Tasawuf Hamka.” Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin Makassar, 2014.

Inayatusufi, Syekha Anintya. “Problem Self Concept ( Konsep Diri ) Dalam Psikologi Modern.” Jurnal Psikologi Islam Al-Qalb 11, no. 2 (2020): 1–15.

Irham, Mohammad. “Etos Kerja Dalam Perpsektif Islam.” Substantia 14, no. 1 (2015).

Isfaroh. “Konsep Kebahagiaan Al-Kindi.” Indonesian Journal of Islamic Theology and Philosophy 1, no. 1 (2019): 79–94.

Istiqamah, Inti, and Azhan. Aniq. “Syukur Dalam Al-Qur’an Dan Implikasinya Pada Kesehatan Mental Di Masa Pandemi.” Khasanah, 2022, 1–6.

Jalaluddin. “Ketenangan Jiwa Menurut Fakhruddin Ar-Razi Dalam Tafsir Mafatih Al-Ghaib.” Al-Bayan 3, no. 1 (2018).

Japri, Muhammad Amir bin. “Konsep Khauf Dan Raja’ Al-Ghazali Dalam Terapi Gangguan Kecemasan.” UIN SU-MUT, 2017.

Jonathan, Ario Chandra, and Ike Herdiana. “Coping Stress Pascacerai: Kajian Kualitatif Pada Ibu Tunggal.” INSAN Jurnal Psikologi Dan Kesehatan Mental 5, no. 1 (2020): 71. https://doi.org/10.20473/jpkm.v5i12020.71-87.

Lefa, Baken. “The Piaget Theory of Cognitive Development: An Educational Implications.” Research Gate 1, no. 9 (2014): 1–9.

Makhmudah, Siti. “Dinamika Dan Tantangan Masyarakat Islam Di Era Modernisasi ( Pemikiran Dan Kontribusi Menuju Masyarakat Madani ).” JURNAL LENTERA: Kajian Keagamaan, Keilmuan Dan Teknologi 1, no. September (2015): 93–100.

Malone, John C. “John B. Watson.” Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior, no. November (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-4729-6.

Mardiana, Dewi, and Endah Octaningrum. “Mengembangkan Kemampuan Berfikir Kreatif Dan Rasa Ingin Tahu Melalui Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah.” Yogyakarta, 2020.

Mardiati, Sri, and Dkk. “Pengaruh Terapi Psikorelijius: Membaca Al-Fatihah Terhadap Skor Halusinasi Pasien Skizofrenia.” Jurnal Ners Indonesia 8, no. 1 (2017): 79–88.

Masduki, Yusron, and Idi Warsah. Psikologi Agama. Palembang: Tunas Gemilang, 2020.

Maskawaih, Ibnu. Tahdzib Al-Akhalak Wa Tathir Al-A’raaq, Juz 1. Maktabah al-Tsaqafah al-Diniyah, n.d.

———. Tahdzib Al-Akhlaq. Beirut: Dar el-Kitab al-’Ilmi, 1985.

Muhammad, Nurdinah. “Karakteristik Jaringan Ulama Nusantara Menurut Pemikiran Azyumardi Azra.” Substantia 14, no. 128 (2012): 73–87.

Murni Journal Islamic Study. “Konsep Ma’rifatullah Menurut Al-Ghazali (Suatu Kajian Tentang Implementasi Nilai-Nilai Akhalak Al-Karimah).” ARanity: International Journal of Islamic Studies 2, no. 1 (2014): 123–46.

Najib, Muhammad Ainun. “Epistimologi Tasawuf Modern Hamka.” Jurnal Dinamika Penelitian: Media Komunikasi Sosial Keagamaan 18, no. 2 (2018): 303–24.

Nasr, Seyyed Hossein. The Garden of Truth the Vision and Promise of Sufism, Islam’s Mystical Tradition. New York: Harper One an Imprint of Harper Collins Publisher, 2007. https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.45-3736.

Nick, Kolenda. Methods of Persuasion, How to Use Psychology to Influence Human Behavior. Kolenda Entertaiment, LLC, 2013.

Nufus, Dewi Hayati. “Pendidikan Jiwa Perspektif Hamka Dalam Tasawuf Modern.” Tawazun: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam 14, no. 3 (2021): 221. https://doi.org/10.32832/tawazun.v14i3.5532.

Nurfarhanah. “Teori Belajar Menurut Aliran Psikologi Gestalt Serta Implikasinya Dalam Proses Pembelajaran.” Aliran Psikologi Gestalt. Vol. 15. Padang, 2018.

Nurhadi, and Fahrul Rozi. “Nilai-Nilai Pendidikan Jiwa Dalam Buku Tasawuf Modern Karya Buya Hamka.” Palapa 8, no. 1 (2020): 178–95. https://doi.org/10.36088/palapa.v8i1.704.

Nurhalimah. Keperawatan Jiwa. Vol. 59. Jakarta Selatan: Pusdik SDM Kesehatan, 2016.

Oleksowicz, Michał. “Aristotle on the Heart and Brain.” European Journal of Science and Theology 14, no. 3 (2018): 77–94.

Rahadi, Dedi Rianto, Etty Susilowati, and Mifta Farid. Kompetensi Sumber Daya Manusia. Edited by Pandi Adi and Moch Muslih. Bekasi: CV. Lentera Ilmu Mandiri, 2021.

Rifa’i Subhi, Muhamad. “Pendekatan Sufistik Dalam Pendidikan Islam (Telaah Pemikiran Hamka).” Edukasia Islamika 1, no. 1 (2016): 62–88.

Rizal, Syamsul. “Akhlaq Islami Perspektif Ulama’ Salaf.” Edukasi Pendidikan Islam 7, no. 1 (2018).

Rofi’i, Muhammad Arwani. “Al-Nafs Dalam Al-Qur’an: Makna, Macam Dan Karakteristiknya.” Al-I’jaz 2, no. 1 (2020): 78–80.

Samsara, Anta. Mengenal Kesehatan Jiwa. Jakarta: Lautan Jiwa, 2020.

Shohib, Muhammad. Taubat Sebagai Metode Dasar Psikoterapi, 2015.

Sina, Ibnu. Ahwal Al-Nafs. 1st ed. Kairo: Dar el- Ihya’ al-Kutub al-’Arabi, 1952.

———. Al-Najah (Fi Al-Hikmah Al-Aalihah). 2nd ed. Misro: Maktabah al-Murtadhawwiyah, 1938.

Smith, Jonathan A. Rethinking Psichology. London: Sage Publication, 1995.

Sudi, Suriani, Fariza Md Sham, and Phayilah Yama. “Tawakal Sebagai Elemen Kecerdasan Spiritual Menurut Perspektif Hadis.” JPI Jurnal Pengajian Islam 12 (2019): 157–67.

Sundari, Putri Enda, and Yusrizal Efendi. “Shalat Dan Kesehatan Mental Dalam Perspektif Buya Hamka.” Istinarah 3, no. 1 (2021): 34–35.

Taufiqurrahman. “Sombong Dalam Al-Qur’an Sebuah Kajian Tematik.” Tafsere 9 (2021): 192–212.

Wigati, Indah. “Teori Kompensasi Dalam Perspektif Psikologi Islam.” Ta’dib 23, no. 2 (2013).

Wulan, Ratna. “Model-Model Terapi Mental Dalam Islam.” Hisbah: Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling Dan Dakwah Islam 18, no. 01 (2021).

Published
2024-12-27
Statistic
Viewed: 56
Downloaded: 29
How to Cite
Imroatul Istiqomah, Fikri Hidayatul Rukmana, & Muhammad Shohibul Mujtaba. (2024). Mental Diseases According to Hamka and the Methods of Treatment (A Review of Hamka’s Tasawuf Modern Book). NUKHBATUL ’ULUM: Jurnal Bidang Kajian Islam, 10(2), 170-186. https://doi.org/10.36701/nukhbah.v10i2.1708