Penerapan Kaidah al-Ḍararu Yudfa’u Biqadri al-Imkān pada Iktikaf Wanita tanpa Mahram Perspektif Fikih Empat Mazhab
The Application of the Principle of al-Ḍararu Yudfa’u Biqadri al-Imkān on Iktikaf for Women without Mahram from the Perspective of the Four Schools of Fiqh
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36701/mabsuth.v1i1.2411Keywords:
Iktikaf, Fiqh rules, Mahram, MazhabAbstract
This study aims to examine and understand the concept of the principle of al-Ḍararu Yudfa'u Biqadri Al-Imkān as a legal basis for the implementation of iktikaf for women without a mahram, reviewed from the perspective of the four schools of fiqh. The focus of this study is on efforts to prevent harm (ḍarar) that may arise in the practice of iktikaf worship, particularly regarding safety and interaction between men and women within the mosque. The methodology employed is a qualitative approach through library research, as well as normative and comparative approaches. The data sources used are primary and secondary sources obtained from classical fiqh books and other relevant scientific literature. The results of this study indicate that the majority of scholars from the four schools of thought permit women to perform iktikaf in the mosque under certain conditions, particularly regarding safety and the separation of spaces between men and women. In conditions where the mosque is unsafe or lacks separation facilities, the potential for fitnah (temptation) and violations of the purpose of i'tikaf becomes high. Therefore, the application of the principle of al-Ḍararu Yudfa’u Biqadri al-Imkān (harm must be avoided to the extent possible) affirms that prohibiting or restricting women's i'tikaf without a mahram in vulnerable places is a preventive measure in accordance with the principles of sharia. The implications of this research encourage mosque administrators to prioritise the comfort and safety of female worshippers, as well as provide comprehensive legal education on the implementation of iktikaf to ensure it remains consistent with the objectives of worship and the values of public welfare.
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