Impresi Lupa dalam Taklif dan Implementasinya dalam Fikih Puasa Perspektif Mazhab Hambali

The Impression of Forgetting in Taklif and Its Implementation in the Jurisprudence of Fasting Perspective of the Hambali Mazhab

  • Akhmad Hanafi Dain Yunta Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Islam dan Bahasa Arab (STIBA) Makassar, Indonesia
  • Sofyan Nur Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Islam dan Bahasa Arab (STIBA) Makassar, Indonesia
  • Muhammad Nurtaufiq Sudirman Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Islam dan Bahasa Arab (STIBA) Makassar, Indonesia
Keywords: Taklif, Forgetting, Fiqh of Fasting, Hambali Mazhab

Abstract

This research aims to understand the concept of taklif and the nature of forgetting taklif in Islam, as well as to find out the consequences of sharia law for mukallaf forgets while fasting according to the perspective of the Hambali Mazhab. This research uses a library research type of research, which focuses on the study of manuscripts and texts, using research approaches in the form of a normative approach, a philosophical approach and a fiqh approach. The results of this research show several things, namely: First, taklif in Islam is an obligation required by religious law which includes obligatory, mandub, haram, makruh, and permissible. Taklif has three pillars, namely mukalif (the one who determines the law in this case is Allah Swt.), mukallaf (the person who is charged with Sharia law), mukallaf bih (actions that are charged to a mukalaf). Second, forgetting is one of the excuses that is justified in Islamic law, according to the Hambali Mazhab that someone who forgets is not said to be a mukallaf when he is in a state of forgetfulness. Third, forgetting about fiqh issues, especially fasting, has different legal consequences according to the Hambali Mazhab. Forgetting related to fasting has different legal consequences, including making the fast invalid and some not making a mukalaf's fast invalid. The implications of this research include being able to provide an explanation regarding the nature of taklif and forgetting in Islamic law that occurs in a mukallaf, regarding the taklif imposed by the sharia on him and being linked to the problems of forgetting in fasting jurisprudence and its consequences in sharia law according to the perspective of the Hambali Mazhab so that it becomes increasing knowledge insight for readers, especially science students and society in general.

References

Al-Qur’an al-Karim dan Terjemahnya.
al-‘Utsaimi>n, Muhammad bin S}a>lih}. Syarh Muhkhtas}ar al-Tah}ri>r. Cet. I. Qasim: Muassasah al-Syaikh Muh}ammad bin S}a>lih} al-‘Utsaimi>n al-Khairiyyah, 1434 H/ 2012 M.
al-Abya>ri, ‘Ali> bin Isma>’i>l >. Al-Tah}qi>q wa al-Baya>n fi> Syarh} al-Burha>n fi> Us}u>l al-Fiqh. Juz 2. Cet. I. Beirut: Dar al-D}iya>’, 1434 H/ 2013 M. Dan Abdullah bin Ahmad bin Qudamah al-Maqdisi>, Raud}ah al-Na>z}ir Wa Junnah al-Manar Ibnu al-Jauzi, 1438 H/2017 M.
al-Bukha>ri, Muh}ammad bin Isma>’i>l >. Al-Ja>mi’ al-Musnad al-S}ah}i>h} al-Mukhtas}ar min Umu>r Rasu>lillah Sallalla>hu ‘Alaih wa Sallam. Juz 1. Cet. I. Beirut: Da>r T{awq al-Naja>h, 1422 H/ 2001 M. Dan Muslim bin al-H}ajja>j al-Naisa>bu>ri>, Al-Musnad al-S}ah}i>h} al-Mukhtas}ar bi Naql al-‘Adl ‘an al-‘Adl ila> Rasu>lilla>h S}allallah ‘Alaih wa Sallam. Juz 2. Beirut: Dar> Ihya>’ al-Tura>s\\ al-‘Arabi>, t.th.
al-Bukhari, ‘Abdul Aziz bin Ahmad. Kasyfu al-Asra>r ‘An Ushu>l Fakhr al-Isla>m al-Bazdawiy. Juz 4. Cet. I. Istanbul: Syarikah al-S}aha>fah al-‘Us|ma>niyyah, 1308 H/ 1890 M.
al-Dimasyqi, ‘Ali> bin Sulaima>n al-Mardawi> >. Al-Ins}a>f fi> Ma’rifah al-Ra>jih} mi al-Khila>f. Juz 3. Cet. II. Beirut: Da>r Ih}ya>’ al-Tura>s\ al-‘Arabi>, t.th.
al-Karami, Mar’i> bin Yu>suf >. Ga>yah al-Muntaha> fi> Jam’i al-Iqna>’ wa al-Muntaha>, Juz 1. Cet. I. Kuwait: Muasasah Gara>s, 1428 H/ 2007 M.
al-Kasa>ni, Abu Bakar bin Mas’ud bin Ahmad >. Bada>i’ S}ana>i’ Fi> Tarti>bi al-Syara>i’. Juz 2. Cet. II. Beirut: Da>r al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 1406 H/ 1986 M.
al-Maqdisi, ‘Abdullah bin Ah}mad bin Muh}ammad bin Quda>mah >. Al-Mugni>. Juz 3.Cet. III. Riyad: Da>r ‘A>lim al-Kutub, 1421 H/ 2000 M.
al-Maqdisi, Abdullah bin Ahmad bin Qudamah >. Raud}ah al-Na>z}ir Wa Junnah al-Manar Ibnu al-Jauzi, 1438 H/2017 M.
al-Marda>wi, ‘Ali> bin Sulaima>n >. Al-Tah}bi>r Syarh} al-Tah}ri>r. Juz 3. Cet. I. Riyadh: Maktabah al-Rusyd, 1421 H/ 2000 M
al-Naisaburi. Ish}a>q bin Ibra>hi>m bin Ha>ni> >. Masa>il al-Ima>m Ah}mad. Juz 1. Beirut: al-Maktab al-Isla>mi>, 1400 H/ 1979.
al-Namlah, ‘Abd al-Kari>m bin ‘Ali> bin Muh}ammad. Ittiha>f Z}awi> al-Bas}a>ir bi Syarh Raud}ah al-Na>z}ir fi> Us}u>l al-Fiqh. Juz 2. Cet. I. Riyad: Das}imah li al-Nasyr wa al-Tauzi>’, 1417 H/ 1996 M.
al-Nasa>I, Ah}mad bin Syu’aib >. Sunan al-Nasa>i>. Juz 4. Cet. I. Kairo: Al-Maktabah al-Tija>riyyah, al-Kubra>, 1384 H/ 1930 M), h. 197 dan disahihkan Muhammad Na>s}iruddin al-Alba>ni>, Irwa>’ al-Gali>l fi> Takhri>j Aha>di>s Mana>r al-Sabi>l, Juz 4, h. 26.
al-Qazwini, Muhammad bin Yazi>d >. Sunan Ibnu Ma>jah. Juz 1. Beirut: Bada>r al-Jail, 1418 H/ 1997 M. dan disahihkan Muhammad Na>s}iruddin al-Alba>ni>. Irwa>’ al-Gali>l fi> Takhri>j Aha>di>s Mana>r al-Sabi>l. Juz 1. Cet. II. Beirut: al-Maktab al-Isla>mi>, 1405 H/ 1985 M.
al-Sijista>ni, Abu Dawud Sulaima>n bin al-Asy’as\ bin Ish}a>q >. Masa>il al-Ima>m Ah}mad bin H}anbal. Cet. I. Kairo: Maktabah Ibn Taimiyah, 14220 H/ 1999 M.
al-Sulami, ‘Iya>d} bin Na>mi> bin ‘Iwad} >, Us}u>l al-Fiqh al-Laz}i> la> Yasa’ al-Faqi>h Jahluh. Cet. I. Riyadh: Da>r al-Tadmitiyyah, 1426 H/2005 M.
al-T}u>fi, Sulaima>n bin ‘Abd al-Qawi> bin al-Kari>m >. Syarh} Mukhtas}ar al-Raud}ah. Juz 1. Cet. I. Beirut: Muassasah al-Risa>lah. 1407 H/1987 M.
al-Tafta>za>ni, Mas’u>d bin ‘Umar >. Al-Talwi>h} ‘Ala> al-Taud}i>h}. Juz 2. Beirut: Da>r al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 1377 H/ 1957 M.
al-Ya’qu>b, ‘Abdullah bin Yu>suf bin ‘I>sa> bin Ya’qu>. Taisi>r ‘Ilm Us}u>l al-Fiqh. Cet. I. Beirut: Muassasah al-Rayya>n, 1418 H/ 1997 M.
al-Zuhaili, Muh}ammad Must}afa> >. Al-Waji>z fi> Us}u>l al-Fiqh. Juz 1. Cet. II. Damaskus: Dar> al-Khair Lit}t}iba>’ah, 1427 H/ 2006 M.
Bakr bin ‘Abdullah Abu> Zaid. al-Madkhal al-Mufas}s}al li Mazhab al-Ima>m Ah}mad. Juz 1. Cet.I; Jeddah: Da>r al-‘A>s}imah, 1417 H/ 1996 M.
Fakhri, Muh}ammad Riya>d}. As\ar ‘Awa>rid} al-Jahl wa al-Nisya>n wa al-Khata’ ‘ala> al-Masu>liyyah fi> al-Syari>’ah al-Isla>miyyah. Alustath Journal, No. 202, 1433 H/ 2012 M.
H}anbal, Ah}mad bin. Musnad al-Ima>m Ah}mad, Juz 1 (Cet. I; Beirut: Muassasah al-Risa>lah, 1421 H/ 2001 M dan disahihkan Muhammad Na>s}iruddin al-Alba>ni>, Irwa>’ al-Gali>l fi> Takhri>j Aha>di>s Mana>r al-Sabi>l, Juz 4.
Ha>ni, Muh}ammad Nu’aim Muh}ammad >. Mausu>’ah Masa>il al-Jumhu>r fi> Fiqh al-Isla>mi>. Juz 1. Kairo: Da>r al-Sala>m, 1428 H/ 2007 M.
Hami>d Farh}a>n ‘Abdul ‘Ali>m al-‘Afi>f. As\ar al-Nisyan fi> Mana>sik al-H}ajj. Majallah Dirasat al-Ijtima>’iyyah. Vol. 16, No. 32, 2011.
Ibn al-Najja>r, Muhammad bin Ahmad bin ‘Abdul Aziz al-Hanbali>. Syarh} al-Kaukab al-Muni>r. Juz 1. Cet. II. Kairo: Maktabah al-‘Abika>n, 1418 H/ 1997 M.
Ibn Khaldu>n, ‘Abdurrah}ma>n bin Muh}ammad. Ta>ri>kh li Ibn Khaldu>n. Juz 1. Cet. II. Beirut: Da>r al-Fikr, 1408 H/ 1988 M.
Isma>’i>l bin’Umar bin Kas|ir. Tafsi>r Al-Qur’a>n al-‘Az}i>m. Cet: II; Kairo: Da>r al-T}aibah Li al-Nasyri Wa al-Tauzi>’. 1420 H/1999 M.
Muh}ammad bin Hamzah bin Muh}ammad al-Fanari>. Fus}u>l al-Bada>I; fi> Us}u>l al-Syara>I. Juz 1. Cet. I. Beirut: Da>r al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 1427 H/ 2006 M.
Quda>mah, ‘Abdurrah}ma>n bin Muh}ammad bin Ahmad} bin. Al-Syarh} al-Kabi>r ‘Ala al-Muqni’. Juz 7. Cet. I. Kairo: Hajar Lit}t}iba>’ah wa al-Nasyr wa al-Tauzi>’, 1415 H/ 1995 M.
Rena Kinnara dan Robi Mustika. Lupa, dalam Perspektif Psikologi Belajar dan Islam. Jurnal Psikologi Vol.No. 1, 2019.
Sulaima>n, Ben Sa>yih}. Al-Khata’ wa al-Nisya>n fi> Fiqh al-‘Iba>da>t. Tesis. Ghardaia: University of Ghardaia, 2021.
Zakariya, Ahmad bin Fa>ris bin. Mu’jam Maqa>yi>s al-Lugah. Juz 5. t.t.p.: Da>r al-Fikri, 1399 H/1979 M.
Published
2024-03-08
Statistic
Viewed: 131
Downloaded: 103
How to Cite
Akhmad Hanafi Dain Yunta, Sofyan Nur, and Muhammad Nurtaufiq Sudirman. 2024. “Impresi Lupa Dalam Taklif Dan Implementasinya Dalam Fikih Puasa Perspektif Mazhab Hambali ”. AL-QIBLAH: Jurnal Studi Islam Dan Bahasa Arab 3 (2), 232-58. https://doi.org/10.36701/qiblah.v3i2.1399.